महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-85

एतच्छ्रुत्वा महाराज गोविन्दः प्रहसन्निव ।
अब्रवीदर्जुनं तूर्णं कौरवाञ्जहि पाण्डव ॥८५॥

85. etacchrutvā mahārāja govindaḥ prahasanniva ,
abravīdarjunaṁ tūrṇaṁ kauravāñjahi pāṇḍava.

85. etat śrutvā mahārāja govindaḥ prahasan iva
abravīt arjunam tūrṇam kauravān jahi pāṇḍava

85. mahārāja,
etat śrutvā,
govindaḥ prahasan iva arjunam abravīt: "pāṇḍava,
tūrṇam kauravān jahi!"

85. Having heard this, O great king (mahārāja), Govinda, as if smiling, immediately (tūrṇaṃ) said to Arjuna: 'O son of Pandu (Pāṇḍava), conquer the Kauravas!'

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - Arjuna's preceding statement (this, this (matter/statement))

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind king, who is listening to Sañjaya's narration. (O great king)

• गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Lord Krishna (Govinda (Krishna))

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, immediately, swiftly

• कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

• जहि (jahi) - conquer, destroy, slay

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Addressing Arjuna, son of Pandu (O son of Pandu, O Pandava)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - Arjuna's preceding statement (this, this (matter/statement))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Nominative/Accusative singular neuter form

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root śru (5th class) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind king, who is listening to Sañjaya's narration. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Vocative singular masculine

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Lord Krishna (Govinda (Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govinda

govinda - Govinda, Krishna (protector of cows, finder of cows)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of has

has - to laugh, to smile

present active participle

Present active participle (masculine nominative singular) of root has (1st class) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'govindaḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active of root brū (2nd class)

Root: brū (class 2)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name), white, clear

Accusative singular masculine

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, immediately, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (used adverbially)

P.P.P. of root tvar, often used as adverb

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'jahi'.

कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Accusative plural masculine

जहि (jahi) - conquer, destroy, slay

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of han

imperative

2nd person singular imperative active of root han (2nd class)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Addressing Arjuna, son of Pandu (O son of Pandu, O Pandava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Vocative singular masculine