महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-80

एते धावन्ति सगणाः संशप्तकमहारथाः ।
अपारयन्तो मद्बाणान्सिंहशब्दान्मृगा इव ॥८०॥

80. ete dhāvanti sagaṇāḥ saṁśaptakamahārathāḥ ,
apārayanto madbāṇānsiṁhaśabdānmṛgā iva.

80. ete dhāvanti sagaṇāḥ saṃśaptakamahārathāḥ
apārayantaḥ matbāṇān siṃhaśabdāt mṛgāḥ iva

80. ete sagaṇāḥ saṃśaptakamahārathāḥ matbāṇān
apārayantaḥ siṃhaśabdāt mṛgāḥ iva dhāvanti

80. These great chariot warriors of the Saṃśaptakas, along with their hosts, are fleeing, unable to withstand my arrows, just like deer (flee) from the roar of a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these (these, these ones)

• धावन्ति (dhāvanti) - are fleeing (they run, they flee, they rush)

• सगणाः (sagaṇāḥ) - along with their hosts (with their hosts, accompanied by their troops/retinue)

• संशप्तकमहारथाः (saṁśaptakamahārathāḥ) - the great chariot warriors of the Saṃśaptakas

• अपारयन्तः (apārayantaḥ) - unable to withstand (unable to overcome, unable to bear, unable to achieve)

• मत्बाणान् (matbāṇān) - my arrows

• सिंहशब्दात् (siṁhaśabdāt) - from the roar of a lion (from the roar of a lion, from a lion's sound)

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer (deer, animals, beasts)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these (these, these ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, this one, these

Note: Refers to 'saṃśaptakamahārathāḥ'.

धावन्ति (dhāvanti) - are fleeing (they run, they flee, they rush)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dhāv

Present Indicative

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice

Root: dhāv (class 1)

सगणाः (sagaṇāḥ) - along with their hosts (with their hosts, accompanied by their troops/retinue)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sagaṇa

sagaṇa - accompanied by a group, with a retinue, with their hosts

Compound 'sa' (with) + 'gaṇa' (group)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gaṇa)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• gaṇa – group, host, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśaptakamahārathāḥ'.

संशप्तकमहारथाः (saṁśaptakamahārathāḥ) - the great chariot warriors of the Saṃśaptakas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptakamahāratha

saṁśaptakamahāratha - a great chariot warrior (mahāratha) belonging to the Saṃśaptakas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃśaptaka+mahāratha)

• saṃśaptaka – a warrior who has sworn an oath to fight to the death
  noun (masculine)
• mahāratha – a great chariot warrior, a commander of many chariots
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'dhāvanti'.

अपारयन्तः (apārayantaḥ) - unable to withstand (unable to overcome, unable to bear, unable to achieve)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apārayant

apārayant - unable to perform, unable to bear, incapable of, not reaching the end of

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pṛ' (to cross, overcome) with prefix 'a' (negation) and 'ā' (towards), causative suffix 'ay', and participle suffix 'śatṛ'

Prefixes: a+ā

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśaptakamahārathāḥ'.

मत्बाणान् (matbāṇān) - my arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matbāṇa

matbāṇa - my arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+bāṇa)

• mad – my, mine (from 'aham')
  pronoun
  genitive singular of 'aham' in compound form
• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'apārayantaḥ'.

सिंहशब्दात् (siṁhaśabdāt) - from the roar of a lion (from the roar of a lion, from a lion's sound)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of siṃhaśabda

siṁhaśabda - lion's roar, sound of a lion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+śabda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• śabda – sound, noise, word, roar
  noun (masculine)

Note: Expresses cause/source of fleeing.

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer (deer, animals, beasts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, animal, wild beast

Note: Subject of comparison with 'saṃśaptakamahārathāḥ'.

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.