महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-59

यथा मृगगणांस्त्रस्तान्सिंहो द्रावयते दिशः ।
पाञ्चालानां रथव्रातान्कर्णो द्रावयते तथा ॥५९॥

59. yathā mṛgagaṇāṁstrastānsiṁho drāvayate diśaḥ ,
pāñcālānāṁ rathavrātānkarṇo drāvayate tathā.

59. yathā mṛgagaṇān trastān siṃhaḥ drāvayate diśaḥ
pāñcālānām rathavrātan karṇaḥ drāvayate tathā

59. yathā siṃhaḥ trastān mṛgagaṇān diśaḥ drāvayate
tathā karṇaḥ pāñcālānām rathavrātan drāvayate

59. Just as a lion scatters terrified herds of deer in all directions, similarly, Karna scatters the hosts of chariots of the Panchalas.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• मृगगणान् (mṛgagaṇān) - herds of deer, groups of animals

• त्रस्तान् (trastān) - terrified, frightened

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion

• द्रावयते (drāvayate) - scatters, causes to flee, drives away

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters of the sky

• पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Panchalas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom)

• रथव्रातन् (rathavrātan) - hosts of chariots, chariot groups

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• द्रावयते (drāvayate) - scatters, causes to flee, drives away

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

मृगगणान् (mṛgagaṇān) - herds of deer, groups of animals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛgagaṇa

mṛgagaṇa - herd of deer, group of animals

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+gaṇa)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, herd
  noun (masculine)

त्रस्तान् (trastān) - terrified, frightened

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of trasta

tras - to tremble, be afraid, flee

Past Passive Participle

root tras (4th class), past passive participle

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Agrees with mṛgagaṇān

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

द्रावयते (drāvayate) - scatters, causes to flee, drives away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of drāvaya

Causative verb form

causative of root dru (1st class), present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

Root: dru (class 1)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters of the sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Note: Implies 'in all directions'

पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Panchalas (people from the Pañcāla kingdom)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or person belonging to the Pañcāla country/dynasty

रथव्रातन् (rathavrātan) - hosts of chariots, chariot groups

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathavrāta

rathavrāta - host of chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vrāta)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• vrāta – host, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name); ear

द्रावयते (drāvayate) - scatters, causes to flee, drives away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of drāvaya

Causative verb form

causative of root dru (1st class), present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

Root: dru (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)