महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-91

विगाहन्स रथानीकमश्वसंघांश्च फल्गुनः ।
व्यचरत्पृतनामध्ये पाशहस्त इवान्तकः ॥९१॥

91. vigāhansa rathānīkamaśvasaṁghāṁśca phalgunaḥ ,
vyacaratpṛtanāmadhye pāśahasta ivāntakaḥ.

91. vigāhan sa rathānīkam aśvasaṃghān ca phalgunaḥ
vyacarat pṛtanāmadhye pāśahastaḥ iva antakaḥ

91. फल्गुनः स रथानीकम् अश्वसंघांस् च विगाहन्
पृतनामध्ये पाशहस्तः अन्तकः इव व्यचरत्

91. Arjuna, penetrating the formations of chariots and the throngs of horses, moved through the midst of the army like Yama, the god of death, holding a noose in his hand.

Words meanings summery:

• विगाहन् (vigāhan) - entering, penetrating, plunging into

• स (sa) - he

• रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - array of chariots, chariot formation

• अश्वसंघान् (aśvasaṁghān) - throngs of horses, horse multitudes

• च (ca) - and

• फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Arjuna

• व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - he moved about, roamed, wandered

• पृतनामध्ये (pṛtanāmadhye) - in the midst of the army, in the middle of the battle array

• पाशहस्तः (pāśahastaḥ) - like Yama, who is depicted holding a noose (holding a noose in hand, having a noose in hand)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Yama, the god of death, the destroyer

Words meanings and morphology

विगाहन् (vigāhan) - entering, penetrating, plunging into

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vigāhant

vigāhant - entering, penetrating

Present Active Participle

From root gāh (class 1) "to plunge, enter", with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of tad when followed by a consonant. Originally saḥ.

Note: This is saḥ in sandhi.

रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - array of chariots, chariot formation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathānīka

rathānīka - array of chariots, chariot formation

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+anīka)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, array, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the participle vigāhan.

अश्वसंघान् (aśvasaṁghān) - throngs of horses, horse multitudes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśvasaṃgha

aśvasaṁgha - multitude of horses, horse collection

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśva+saṃgha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• saṃgha – multitude, throng, collection, assembly
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of the participle vigāhan.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects rathānīkam and aśvasaṃghān.

फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (name of a warrior, son of Pāṇḍu)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - he moved about, roamed, wandered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of car

Imperfect tense, 3rd singular, active voice

From root car (class 1) with prefix vi-. a-car-at is the imperfect form.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पृतनामध्ये (pṛtanāmadhye) - in the midst of the army, in the middle of the battle array

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛtanāmadhya

pṛtanāmadhya - middle of the army, battle array

Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛtanā+madhya)

• pṛtanā – army, battle, host
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates location.

पाशहस्तः (pāśahastaḥ) - like Yama, who is depicted holding a noose (holding a noose in hand, having a noose in hand)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāśahasta

pāśahasta - one who has a noose in hand

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pāśa+hasta)

• pāśa – noose, snare, bond
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes antakaḥ.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison.

अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Yama, the god of death, the destroyer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - end-maker, destroyer, Yama (god of death)

From anta (end) + suffix ka.

Root: ant

Note: Used as a comparison to Arjuna's destructive power.