महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-40, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
भीमसेनं सपाञ्चाल्यं चेदिकेकयसंवृतम् ।
वैकर्तनः स्वयं रुद्ध्वा वारयामास सायकैः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
bhīmasenaṁ sapāñcālyaṁ cedikekayasaṁvṛtam ,
vaikartanaḥ svayaṁ ruddhvā vārayāmāsa sāyakaiḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca bhīmasenam sapāñcālyam cedikekayasaṃvṛtam
vaikartanaḥ svayam ruddhvā vārayāmāsa sāyakaiḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca vaikartanaḥ svayam sapāñcālyam
cedikekayasaṃvṛtam bhīmasenam ruddhvā sāyakaiḥ vārayāmāsa

1. Sañjaya said: Karṇa (Vaikartana) himself confronted and restrained Bhīmasena, who was accompanied by the Pāñcālas and surrounded by the Cedis and Kekayas, holding him back with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator (Sañjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīma) (Bhīmasena)

• सपाञ्चाल्यम् (sapāñcālyam) - accompanied by the Pāñcālas (with the Pāñcālas)

• चेदिकेकयसंवृतम् (cedikekayasaṁvṛtam) - surrounded by the Cedis and Kekayas

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karṇa (the son of Vikartana, Karṇa)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, personally, himself)

• रुद्ध्वा (ruddhvā) - having checked/restrained (having obstructed, having checked, having confined)

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he warded off, he held back (he warded off, he stopped, he prevented)

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator (Sañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Past perfect (Lit)

Root √vac (to speak), in Lit (perfect) tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīma) (Bhīmasena)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (one of the Pāṇḍavas, Bhīma)

सपाञ्चाल्यम् (sapāñcālyam) - accompanied by the Pāñcālas (with the Pāñcālas)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sapāñcālya

sapāñcālya - accompanied by the Pāñcālas

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+pāñcālya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• pāñcālya – a native of Pañcāla, the Pāñcālas
  noun (masculine)

चेदिकेकयसंवृतम् (cedikekayasaṁvṛtam) - surrounded by the Cedis and Kekayas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cedikekayasaṃvṛta

cedikekayasaṁvṛta - surrounded by the Cedis and Kekayas

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cedi+kekaya+saṃvṛta)

• cedi – a Cedi (name of a people/kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kekaya – a Kekaya (name of a people/kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃvṛta – surrounded, covered, encompassed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root √vṛ (to cover/surround) with upasarga sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karṇa (the son of Vikartana, Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (a name of Sūrya, the sun god, and thus Karṇa as his son)

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, personally, himself)

(indeclinable)

रुद्ध्वा (ruddhvā) - having checked/restrained (having obstructed, having checked, having confined)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Root √rudh (to obstruct), suffix -tvā

Root: rudh (class 7)

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he warded off, he held back (he warded off, he stopped, he prevented)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vāraya

Past perfect (Lit), causative

Causative of √vṛ (to cover/choose), in Lit (perfect) tense, 3rd person singular. Formed with secondary suffix -yāmāsa (archaic perfect)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile