महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-61, verse-38

किंशुकाशोकबकुलपुंनागैरुपशोभितम् ।
सरिद्भिः सविहंगाभिः शिखरैश्चोपशोभितम् ।
गिरिराजमिमं तावत्पृच्छामि नृपतिं प्रति ॥३८॥

38. kiṁśukāśokabakulapuṁnāgairupaśobhitam ,
saridbhiḥ savihaṁgābhiḥ śikharaiścopaśobhitam ,
girirājamimaṁ tāvatpṛcchāmi nṛpatiṁ prati.

38. kiṃśukāśokabakulapunnāgaiḥ
upaśobhitam saridbhiḥ savihaṃgābhiḥ
śikharaiḥ ca upaśobhitam girirājam
imam tāvat pṛcchāmi nṛpatim prati

38. This (mountain) is adorned with kiṃśuka, aśoka, bakula, and punnāga trees. It is also beautified by rivers filled with birds, and by its peaks. I shall now question this king of mountains concerning the (missing) king.

Words meanings summery:

• किंशुकाशोकबकुलपुन्नागैः (kiṁśukāśokabakulapunnāgaiḥ) - by kiṃśuka, aśoka, bakula, and punnāga trees

• उपशोभितम् (upaśobhitam) - adorned, beautified

• सरिद्भिः (saridbhiḥ) - by rivers, with rivers

• सविहंगाभिः (savihaṁgābhiḥ) - with birds, having birds

• शिखरैः (śikharaiḥ) - by peaks, with peaks

• च (ca) - and

• उपशोभितम् (upaśobhitam) - adorned, beautified

• गिरिराजम् (girirājam) - king of mountains

• इमम् (imam) - this, this one

• तावत् (tāvat) - now, at this moment (then, so much, indeed, for now)

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I question

• नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - the (missing) king (king, lord of men)

• प्रति (prati) - concerning, regarding (the king) (towards, concerning, regarding)

Words meanings and morphology

किंशुकाशोकबकुलपुन्नागैः (kiṁśukāśokabakulapunnāgaiḥ) - by kiṃśuka, aśoka, bakula, and punnāga trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kiṃśukāśokabakulapunnāga

kiṁśukāśokabakulapunnāga - a compound of specific tree names

Compound type : dvandva (kiṃśuka+aśoka+bakula+punnāga)

• kiṃśuka – Butea monosperma tree
  noun (masculine)
• aśoka – Saraca asoca tree
  noun (masculine)
• bakula – Mimusops elengi tree
  noun (masculine)
• punnāga – Calophyllum inophyllum tree
  noun (masculine)

उपशोभितम् (upaśobhitam) - adorned, beautified

(past passive participle)

Note: Agrees with 'girirājam imam' from the later part of the verse, hence masculine accusative singular.

सरिद्भिः (saridbhiḥ) - by rivers, with rivers

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

Root: sṛ (class 1)

सविहंगाभिः (savihaṁgābhiḥ) - with birds, having birds

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of savihaṃga

savihaṁga - accompanied by birds, with birds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vihaṃga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vihaṃga – bird
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'saridbhiḥ'.

शिखरैः (śikharaiḥ) - by peaks, with peaks

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śikhara

śikhara - peak, summit, top (of a mountain)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उपशोभितम् (upaśobhitam) - adorned, beautified

(past passive participle)

Note: Agrees with 'girirājam imam', hence masculine accusative singular.

गिरिराजम् (girirājam) - king of mountains

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of girirāja

girirāja - king of mountains, principal mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+rāja)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

इमम् (imam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'girirājam'.

तावत् (tāvat) - now, at this moment (then, so much, indeed, for now)

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverbial suffix -tāt

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I question

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pṛcch

Present tense, 1st person singular

Root 'prach' (6th class), takes 'ṛ' in present stem.

Root: prach (class 6)

नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - the (missing) king (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct object of 'pṛcchāmi' (ask).

प्रति (prati) - concerning, regarding (the king) (towards, concerning, regarding)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/postposition governing accusative case.

Note: Governs the accusative 'nṛpatim'.