महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-61, verse-19

भर्त्सयत्येष मां रौद्रो व्यात्तास्यो दारुणाकृतिः ।
अरण्यराट्क्षुधाविष्टः किं मां न त्रातुमर्हसि ॥१९॥

19. bhartsayatyeṣa māṁ raudro vyāttāsyo dāruṇākṛtiḥ ,
araṇyarāṭkṣudhāviṣṭaḥ kiṁ māṁ na trātumarhasi.

19. bhartsayati eṣaḥ mām raudraḥ vyāttāsyaḥ dāruṇākṛtiḥ
araṇyarāṭ kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ kim mām na trātum arhasi

19. This fierce creature, with its gaping mouth and dreadful appearance, the king of the forest, overcome by hunger, is threatening me. Why are you not able to protect me?

Words meanings summery:

• भर्त्सयति (bhartsayati) - he threatens, scolds, rebukes

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - referring to the threatening creature (e.g., lion or tiger) (this one)

• माम् (mām) - me

• रौद्रः (raudraḥ) - fierce, terrible, awful

• व्यात्तास्यः (vyāttāsyaḥ) - having a gaping mouth, wide-mouthed

• दारुणाकृतिः (dāruṇākṛtiḥ) - of dreadful form, dreadful-shaped, terrifying in appearance

• अरण्यराट् (araṇyarāṭ) - king of the forest

• क्षुधाविष्टः (kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ) - overcome by hunger, seized by hunger, hungry

• किम् (kim) - why (interrogative adverb) (why, what)

• माम् (mām) - me

• न (na) - not

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save, to guard

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able (you ought, you are able)

Words meanings and morphology

भर्त्सयति (bhartsayati) - he threatens, scolds, rebukes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bharts

causative/denominal

Derived from root bharts (to abuse) or a denominal from bhartsā.

Root: bharts (class 10)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - referring to the threatening creature (e.g., lion or tiger) (this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the subject of 'bhartsayati'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'bhartsayati'.

रौद्रः (raudraḥ) - fierce, terrible, awful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, furious, wild

Note: Agrees with 'eṣaḥ'.

व्यात्तास्यः (vyāttāsyaḥ) - having a gaping mouth, wide-mouthed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāttāsya

vyāttāsya - having an opened mouth, gaping-mouthed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyātta+āsya)

• vyātta – opened, expanded, gaping
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root dā (to cut/divide, with prefix ā- used for opening, and vi- as intensifier).
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• āsya – mouth, face
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'eṣaḥ'.

दारुणाकृतिः (dāruṇākṛtiḥ) - of dreadful form, dreadful-shaped, terrifying in appearance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāruṇākṛti

dāruṇākṛti - having a dreadful form, dreadful-shaped

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dāruṇa+ākṛti)

• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, cruel, harsh
  adjective
• ākṛti – form, shape, appearance, figure
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'eṣaḥ'.

अरण्यराट् (araṇyarāṭ) - king of the forest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of araṇyarājan

araṇyarājan - king of the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (araṇya+rājan)

• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'eṣaḥ'.

क्षुधाविष्टः (kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ) - overcome by hunger, seized by hunger, hungry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudhāviṣṭa

kṣudhāviṣṭa - overcome by hunger, hungry

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+āviṣṭa)

• kṣudhā – hunger, appetite
  noun (feminine)
• āviṣṭa – entered, seized, possessed, overcome
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root viś (to enter) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'eṣaḥ'.

किम् (kim) - why (interrogative adverb) (why, what)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'trātum arhasi'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save, to guard

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form from root trā.

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Complement of 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able (you ought, you are able)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)