महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-61, verse-102

यथा विशोका गच्छेयमशोकनग तत्कुरु ।
सत्यनामा भवाशोक मम शोकविनाशनात् ॥१०२॥

102. yathā viśokā gaccheyamaśokanaga tatkuru ,
satyanāmā bhavāśoka mama śokavināśanāt.

102. yathā viśokā gaccheyam aśokanaga tat kuru
satyanāmā bhava aśoka mama śoka-vināśanāt

102. O Aśoka tree, please make it so that I may become free from sorrow. O Aśoka, become true to your name by removing my grief.

102. הו עץ אשוקה, עשה זאת כדי שאלך משוחררת מצער. היה נאמן לשמך, הו אשוקה, בכך שתסיר את צערי.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - so that (as, so that, in such a way)

• विशोका (viśokā) - free from sorrow (sorrowless, free from grief)

• गच्छेयम् (gaccheyam) - I may become (I may go, I may become)

• अशोकनग (aśokanaga) - O Aśoka tree

• तत् (tat) - that (action or outcome) (that, it)

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make it happen (do, make, perform)

• सत्यनामा (satyanāmā) - true to your name (true by name, whose name is true)

• भव (bhava) - become (be, become, exist)

• अशोक (aśoka) - O Aśoka (tree) (O Aśoka (tree), O sorrowless one)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• शोक-विनाशनात् (śoka-vināśanāt) - by destroying my sorrow (from the destruction of sorrow)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - so that (as, so that, in such a way)

(indeclinable)

विशोका (viśokā) - free from sorrow (sorrowless, free from grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viśoka

viśoka - sorrowless, free from grief, joyful

Compound of vi (without) and śoka (sorrow).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+śoka)

• vi – without, free from
  prefix/indeclinable
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the speaker, Bhīmī.

गच्छेयम् (gaccheyam) - I may become (I may go, I may become)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of gam

Optative

1st person singular, optative active form.

Root: gam (class 1)

अशोकनग (aśokanaga) - O Aśoka tree

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of aśokanaga

aśokanaga - Aśoka tree

Compound of aśoka (Aśoka tree) and naga (tree).

Compound type : karmadharaya (aśoka+naga)

• aśoka – Aśoka tree, sorrowless
  noun/adjective (masculine)
• naga – tree, mountain
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address to the Aśoka tree.

तत् (tat) - that (action or outcome) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of the imperative 'kuru'.

कुरु (kuru) - do, make it happen (do, make, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative

2nd person singular, imperative active form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Addressed to the Aśoka tree.

सत्यनामा (satyanāmā) - true to your name (true by name, whose name is true)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyanāman

satyanāman - having a true name, true to one's name

Bahuvrihi compound of satya (true) and nāman (name).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+nāman)

• satya – true, real, existent
  adjective (neuter)
• nāman – name, appellation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for the implied subject of 'bhava'.

भव (bhava) - become (be, become, exist)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative

2nd person singular, imperative active form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the Aśoka tree.

अशोक (aśoka) - O Aśoka (tree) (O Aśoka (tree), O sorrowless one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of aśoka

aśoka - sorrowless; the Aśoka tree (Saraca asoca)

Compound of a (negative prefix) and śoka (sorrow).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+śoka)

• a – not, without
  prefix/indeclinable
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address to the Aśoka tree, emphasizing its name's meaning.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'śoka-vināśanāt'.

शोक-विनाशनात् (śoka-vināśanāt) - by destroying my sorrow (from the destruction of sorrow)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śoka-vināśana

śoka-vināśana - destruction of sorrow, removal of grief

Compound of śoka (sorrow) and vināśana (destruction), action noun from vi-naś.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śoka+vināśana)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• vināśana – destruction, annihilation, removal
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun from root naś (to perish) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Indicates the reason or cause.

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