महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-61, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
सा निहत्य मृगव्याधं प्रतस्थे कमलेक्षणा ।
वनं प्रतिभयं शून्यं झिल्लिकागणनादितम् ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
sā nihatya mṛgavyādhaṁ pratasthe kamalekṣaṇā ,
vanaṁ pratibhayaṁ śūnyaṁ jhillikāgaṇanāditam.

1. bṛhadaśvaḥ uvāca | sā nihatya mṛgavyādham pratasthe
kamalekṣaṇā | vanam pratibhayam śūnyam jhillikāgaṇanāditam

1. Bṛhadaśva said: The lotus-eyed one, having killed the hunter, set out for the desolate and very dreadful forest, which resounded with the chirping of countless crickets.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्वः (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - The sage Bṛhadaśva (narrating the story) (Bṛhadaśva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

• मृगव्याधम् (mṛgavyādham) - the hunter who attacked Damayantī (hunter, fowler)

• प्रतस्थे (pratasthe) - set out, departed

• कमलेक्षणा (kamalekṣaṇā) - Damayantī, whose eyes are beautiful like a lotus. (lotus-eyed)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• प्रतिभयम् (pratibhayam) - very dreadful, terrible

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - desolate, empty, void

• झिल्लिकागणनादितम् (jhillikāgaṇanāditam) - resounded by swarms/multitudes of crickets

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्वः (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - The sage Bṛhadaśva (narrating the story) (Bṛhadaśva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - Name of a sage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bṛhat+aśva)

• bṛhat – great, large
  adjective
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Damayantī.

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix `ni` and suffix `tya`

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive/gerund, indicates an action completed before the main verb.

मृगव्याधम् (mṛgavyādham) - the hunter who attacked Damayantī (hunter, fowler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛgavyādha

mṛgavyādha - deer-hunter, hunter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+vyādha)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• vyādha – hunter, fowler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Object of `nihatya`.

प्रतस्थे (pratasthe) - set out, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of sthā

Perfect 3rd person singular middle

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

कमलेक्षणा (kamalekṣaṇā) - Damayantī, whose eyes are beautiful like a lotus. (lotus-eyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kamalekṣaṇa

kamalekṣaṇa - lotus-eyed

Feminine form `ā`

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kamala+īkṣaṇa)

• kamala – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sā` (Damayantī).

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood

Note: Object of motion for `pratasthe`.

प्रतिभयम् (pratibhayam) - very dreadful, terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratibhaya

pratibhaya - very dreadful, terrible

Prefix: prati

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `vanam`.

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - desolate, empty, void

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, desolate

Note: Qualifies `vanam`.

झिल्लिकागणनादितम् (jhillikāgaṇanāditam) - resounded by swarms/multitudes of crickets

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jhillikāgaṇanādita

jhillikāgaṇanādita - resounding with the cries of swarms of crickets

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jhillikā+gaṇana+ādita)

• jhillikā – cricket
  noun (feminine)
• gaṇana – counting, multitude, swarm
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)
• ādita – resounded, reverberated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `nad` with prefix `ā`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `vanam`.