मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-91
आचार्यं स्वमुपाध्यायं पितरं मातरं गुरुम ।
निर्हृत्य तु व्रती प्रेतान्न व्रतेन वियुज्यते ॥९१॥
निर्हृत्य तु व्रती प्रेतान्न व्रतेन वियुज्यते ॥९१॥
91. ācāryaṁ svamupādhyāyaṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ gurum ,
nirhṛtya tu vratī pretānna vratena viyujyate.
nirhṛtya tu vratī pretānna vratena viyujyate.
91.
ācāryaṁ svam upādhyāyaṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ gurum
| nirhṛtya tu vratī pretān na vratena viyuñjate
| nirhṛtya tu vratī pretān na vratena viyuñjate
91.
tu vratī svam upādhyāyaṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ ācāryaṁ
gurum pretān nirhṛtya vratena na viyuñjate
gurum pretān nirhṛtya vratena na viyuñjate
91.
Even after carrying out the (funeral rites for the) deceased teacher, one's own preceptor, father, mother, or guru, a person observing a vow (vrati) does not become separated from their vow.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आचार्यं (ācāryaṁ) - teacher (teacher, instructor)
- स्वम् (svam) - one's own
- उपाध्यायं (upādhyāyaṁ) - preceptor (often a secondary teacher) (teacher, preceptor)
- पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father
- मातरं (mātaraṁ) - mother
- गुरुम् (gurum) - guru (spiritual teacher) (teacher, guru)
- निर्हृत्य (nirhṛtya) - having performed (funeral rites) (having taken away, having removed, having performed)
- तु (tu) - but (but, however, and)
- व्रती (vratī) - one who observes a vow (vrata) (one who observes a vow)
- प्रेतान् (pretān) - departed spirits (dead beings, departed spirits)
- न (na) - not
- व्रतेन (vratena) - by vow (by vow, by religious observance)
- वियुञ्जते (viyuñjate) - is separated from (becomes separated, is disconnected, is deprived)
Words meanings and morphology
आचार्यं (ācāryaṁ) - teacher (teacher, instructor)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya
ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide
Derived from the root 'acāra' (conduct, custom) with the suffix '-ya', indicating one who practices or teaches conduct.
Root: ac (class 1)
स्वम् (svam) - one's own
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sva
sva - self, one's own, own
Reflexive pronoun.
Note: Refers to the object being owned by the subject.
उपाध्यायं (upādhyāyaṁ) - preceptor (often a secondary teacher) (teacher, preceptor)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya
upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor, instructor
Derived from 'upādhi' (a condition, a characteristic) and the suffix '-ya'. It implies one who teaches based on specific qualifications or roles.
पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
Root noun.
मातरं (mātaraṁ) - mother
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ
mātṛ - mother
Root noun.
गुरुम् (gurum) - guru (spiritual teacher) (teacher, guru)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of guru
guru - heavy, great, teacher, spiritual preceptor
Derived from the root 'gṛ' (to swallow, to receive) with suffix 'u'.
Root: gṛ (class 2)
निर्हृत्य (nirhṛtya) - having performed (funeral rites) (having taken away, having removed, having performed)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Root 'hṛ' (to carry) with prefix 'nir' (out, away).
Prefix: nir
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Form of the absolutive participle (gerund) 'nirhṛtya'.
तु (tu) - but (but, however, and)
(indeclinable)
व्रती (vratī) - one who observes a vow (vrata) (one who observes a vow)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vrata
vrata - vow, religious observance, rule
Related to the root 'vṛ' (to choose, to cover).
Root: vṛ (class 1)
Note: Derives from 'vrata' to denote one who undertakes a vow.
प्रेतान् (pretān) - departed spirits (dead beings, departed spirits)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of preta
preta - departed spirit, ghost, dead person
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root 'prī' (to be pleased, to satisfy) with prefix 'pra' (forth). It refers to those 'gone forth' or departed.
Prefix: pra
Root: prī (class 10)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
व्रतेन (vratena) - by vow (by vow, by religious observance)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of vrata
vrata - vow, religious observance, rule
Related to the root 'vṛ' (to choose, to cover).
Root: vṛ (class 1)
वियुञ्जते (viyuñjate) - is separated from (becomes separated, is disconnected, is deprived)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of viyuñj
Present Tense
Root 'yuñj' (to join, to yoke) with prefix 'vi' (apart, without).
Prefix: vi
Root: yuñj (class 6)