मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-138
कृत्वा मूत्रं पुरीषं वा खान्याचान्त उपस्पृशेत ।
वेदमध्येष्यमाणश्च अन्नमश्नंश्च सर्वदा ॥१३८॥
वेदमध्येष्यमाणश्च अन्नमश्नंश्च सर्वदा ॥१३८॥
138. kṛtvā mūtraṁ purīṣaṁ vā khānyācānta upaspṛśet ,
vedamadhyeṣyamāṇaśca annamaśnaṁśca sarvadā.
vedamadhyeṣyamāṇaśca annamaśnaṁśca sarvadā.
138.
kṛtvā mūtram purīṣam vā khāni ācānta upasṛśet
vedam adhyeyiṣyamāṇaḥ ca annam aśnaḥ ca sarvadā
vedam adhyeyiṣyamāṇaḥ ca annam aśnaḥ ca sarvadā
138.
vedam adhyeyiṣyamāṇaḥ ca annam aśnaḥ ca sarvadā
mūtram purīṣam vā kṛtvā khāni ācānta upasṛśet
mūtram purīṣam vā kṛtvā khāni ācānta upasṛśet
138.
After passing urine or feces, one should touch water after purifying oneself (ācāma), always when about to study the Vedas or eat food.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having passed (having done, having made)
- मूत्रम् (mūtram) - urine
- पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - feces (feces, excrement)
- वा (vā) - or
- खानि (khāni) - excretory openings (hole, opening)
- आचान्त (ācānta) - having performed achamana (ritual sipping) (having sipped, having drunk)
- उपसृशेत् (upasṛśet) - should touch (water for purification) (should touch, should approach)
- वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda (Veda, sacred knowledge)
- अध्येयिष्यमाणः (adhyeyiṣyamāṇaḥ) - one who is about to study
- च (ca) - and
- अन्नम् (annam) - food
- अश्नः (aśnaḥ) - eating
- च (ca) - and
- सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)
Words meanings and morphology
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having passed (having done, having made)
(indeclinable)
Gerund
from root 'kṛ' (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Gerund form indicating an action completed before the main verb.
मूत्रम् (mūtram) - urine
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mūtra
mūtra - urine, excretion
Note: Object of the gerund 'kṛtvā'.
पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - feces (feces, excrement)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of purīṣa
purīṣa - feces, excrement, refuse
Note: Object of the gerund 'kṛtvā'.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
खानि (khāni) - excretory openings (hole, opening)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of khāna
khāna - hole, opening, excavation
from root 'khā' (to dig)
Root: khā (class 1)
Note: Locative case implying 'from the openings' or referring to the act associated with them.
आचान्त (ācānta) - having performed achamana (ritual sipping) (having sipped, having drunk)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācānta
ācānta - sipped, drunk
Past Passive Participle
from root 'cam' (to sip) with prefix 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: cam (class 1)
Note: This word is likely functioning substantively, meaning 'one who has performed ācamana'.
उपसृशेत् (upasṛśet) - should touch (water for purification) (should touch, should approach)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential mood (liṅ) of upasṛś
root 'spṛś' (to touch) with prefix 'upa'
Prefix: upa
Root: spṛś (class 6)
Note: The main verb of the sentence.
वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda (Veda, sacred knowledge)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of veda
veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Vedas
Past Passive Participle
from root 'vid' (to know)
Root: vid (class 1)
Note: Object of 'adhyeyiṣyamāṇaḥ'.
अध्येयिष्यमाणः (adhyeyiṣyamāṇaḥ) - one who is about to study
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhyeyiṣyamāṇa
adhyeyiṣyamāṇa - one who is about to study
Future Passive Participle
future passive participle from the causative of root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'adhi' and 'anu', indicating 'about to study'
Prefixes: adhi+anu
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Subject of the verb 'upasṛśet', functioning substantively.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अन्नम् (annam) - food
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, grain, nourishment
from root 'ad' (to eat)
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Object of 'aśnaḥ'.
अश्नः (aśnaḥ) - eating
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aśna
aśna - eating
Present Participle
present participle of root 'aś' (to eat)
Root: aś (class 2)
Note: Subject of the verb 'upasṛśet', functioning substantively.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always (always, at all times)
(indeclinable)
derived from 'sarva' (all) and '-dā' (suffix indicating time)