मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-37
कुर्याद घृतपशुं सङ्गे कुर्यात पिष्टपशुं तथा ।
न त्वेव तु वृथा हन्तुं पशुमिच्छेत कदा चन ॥३७॥
न त्वेव तु वृथा हन्तुं पशुमिच्छेत कदा चन ॥३७॥
37. kuryād ghṛtapaśuṁ saṅge kuryāt piṣṭapaśuṁ tathā ,
na tveva tu vṛthā hantuṁ paśumicchet kadā cana.
na tveva tu vṛthā hantuṁ paśumicchet kadā cana.
37.
kuryāt ghṛta paśum saṅge kuryāt piṣṭa paśum tathā
na tu eva tu vṛthā hantum paśum icchet kadā cana
na tu eva tu vṛthā hantum paśum icchet kadā cana
37.
One may prepare a "ghee-animal" or a "flour-animal" when associating with others; but one should never desire to kill an animal in vain.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - may prepare (should do, should make)
- घृत (ghṛta) - ghee (ghee, clarified butter)
- पशुम् (paśum) - animal (figurative, made of ghee) (animal, beast, cattle)
- सङ्गे (saṅge) - when associating with others (in company, in association, together)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - may prepare (should do, should make)
- पिष्ट (piṣṭa) - flour (flour, powder, ground)
- पशुम् (paśum) - animal (figurative, made of flour) (animal, beast, cattle)
- तथा (tathā) - likewise, also (so, thus, also, likewise)
- न (na) - not
- तु (tu) - indeed (but, and, also, indeed)
- एव (eva) - ever (in combination with 'na', making 'never') (only, alone, indeed, truly)
- तु (tu) - but (but, and, also, indeed)
- वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain (in vain, uselessly, without cause)
- हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill (to kill, to slay)
- पशुम् (paśum) - animal (animal, beast, cattle)
- इच्छेत् (icchet) - should desire (should desire, would wish)
- कदा (kadā) - ever (when)
- चन (cana) - ever (in combination with 'kadā') (and, also, indeed, even)
Words meanings and morphology
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - may prepare (should do, should make)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Vidhi Liṅ (Optative)
root 'kṛ' (to do), 8th conjugation, third person singular optative
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
Note: repeated twice in the verse
घृत (ghṛta) - ghee (ghee, clarified butter)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ghṛta
ghṛta - ghee, clarified butter
Note: part of a compound 'ghṛta-paśu'
पशुम् (paśum) - animal (figurative, made of ghee) (animal, beast, cattle)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of paśu
paśu - animal, beast, cattle, a victim (in sacrifice)
Note: part of a compound 'ghṛta-paśu'
सङ्गे (saṅge) - when associating with others (in company, in association, together)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṅga
saṅga - company, association, connection, attachment, touch
derived from root '√gam' (to go) with prefix 'saṃ-'
Prefix: saṃ-
Root: √gam (class 1)
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - may prepare (should do, should make)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Vidhi Liṅ (Optative)
root 'kṛ' (to do), 8th conjugation, third person singular optative
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
Note: repeated twice in the verse
पिष्ट (piṣṭa) - flour (flour, powder, ground)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of piṣṭa
piṣṭa - flour, powder, ground, pounded
Past Passive Participle
from root '√piṣ' (to pound, to grind)
Root: √piṣ (class 4)
Note: part of a compound 'piṣṭa-paśu'
पशुम् (paśum) - animal (figurative, made of flour) (animal, beast, cattle)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of paśu
paśu - animal, beast, cattle, a victim (in sacrifice)
Note: part of a compound 'piṣṭa-paśu'
तथा (tathā) - likewise, also (so, thus, also, likewise)
(indeclinable)
compound of 'tad' (that) and 'hā' (particle)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - indeed (but, and, also, indeed)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - ever (in combination with 'na', making 'never') (only, alone, indeed, truly)
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but (but, and, also, indeed)
(indeclinable)
वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain (in vain, uselessly, without cause)
(indeclinable)
हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill (to kill, to slay)
(verb)
active
Infinitive
root 'han' (to kill), 2nd conjugation, infinitive form
Root: √han (class 2)
पशुम् (paśum) - animal (animal, beast, cattle)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of paśu
paśu - animal, beast, cattle, a victim (in sacrifice)
इच्छेत् (icchet) - should desire (should desire, would wish)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of iṣ
Vidhi Liṅ (Optative)
root 'iṣ' (to desire), 2nd conjugation, third person singular optative
Root: √iṣ (class 2)
कदा (kadā) - ever (when)
(indeclinable)
Note: often used with negation to mean 'never'
चन (cana) - ever (in combination with 'kadā') (and, also, indeed, even)
(indeclinable)
Note: kadā cana = 'ever'