मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-140
शूद्राणां मासिकं कार्यं वपनं न्यायवर्तिनाम ।
वैश्यवत्शौचकल्पश्च द्विजोच्छिष्टं च भोजनम ॥१४०॥
वैश्यवत्शौचकल्पश्च द्विजोच्छिष्टं च भोजनम ॥१४०॥
140. śūdrāṇāṁ māsikaṁ kāryaṁ vapanaṁ nyāyavartinām ,
vaiśyavatśaucakalpaśca dvijocchiṣṭaṁ ca bhojanam.
vaiśyavatśaucakalpaśca dvijocchiṣṭaṁ ca bhojanam.
140.
śūdrāṇāṃ mānikaṃ kāryaṃ vapanaṃ nyāyavartinām |
vaiśyavatśaucakalpaśca dvijocchistaṃ ca bhojanam
vaiśyavatśaucakalpaśca dvijocchistaṃ ca bhojanam
140.
śūdrāṇāṃ nyāyavartinām mānikaṃ kāryaṃ vapanaṃ
vaiśyavatśaucakalpaśca dvijocchistaṃ ca bhojanam
vaiśyavatśaucakalpaśca dvijocchistaṃ ca bhojanam
140.
For Sudras who follow the law, the monthly ritual of hair removal is prescribed. They should observe purity like Vaishyas, and eat food left over by Brahmins.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शूद्राणां (śūdrāṇāṁ) - of the Sudras
- मानिकं (mānikaṁ) - monthly ritual (monthly)
- कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - ritual (duty, act, ritual, work)
- वपनं (vapanaṁ) - hair removal (shaving or plucking) (shaving, plucking out)
- न्यायवर्तिनाम् (nyāyavartinām) - of those who follow the law (of those who act according to justice/propriety)
- वैश्यवत् (vaiśyavat) - like Vaishyas (like a Vaishya)
- शौचकल्पश्च (śaucakalpaśca) - and should observe purity (and the rule of purity)
- द्विजोच्छिस्तं (dvijocchistaṁ) - food left over by Brahmins (the remains of food of a twice-born)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food (food, eating)
Words meanings and morphology
शूद्राणां (śūdrāṇāṁ) - of the Sudras
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of śūdra
śūdra - the fourth varna (caste) in the Hindu system; a laborer or servant
मानिकं (mānikaṁ) - monthly ritual (monthly)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mānika
mānika - monthly
derived from māsa (month)
Note: Modifies kāryam
कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - ritual (duty, act, ritual, work)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - work, deed, action, duty, affair
Past Passive Participle
from √kṛ 'to do'
Root: kṛ (class 3)
वपनं (vapanaṁ) - hair removal (shaving or plucking) (shaving, plucking out)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vapana
vapana - shaving, plucking
Gerund
from √vap 'to sow, shave, pluck'
Root: vap (class 1)
न्यायवर्तिनाम् (nyāyavartinām) - of those who follow the law (of those who act according to justice/propriety)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nyāyavartin
nyāyavartin - one who acts according to justice or law
compound of nyāya (justice, law) and vartin (one who walks/acts)
Compound type : tatpurusha (nyāya+vartin)
- nyāya – justice, law, rule, method, reason
noun (masculine) - vartin – one who walks, one who acts, one who lives
noun (masculine)
from √vṛt 'to turn, exist, act'
Root: vṛt (class 1)
वैश्यवत् (vaiśyavat) - like Vaishyas (like a Vaishya)
(indeclinable)
derived from vaiśya + vat (suffix indicating similarity)
Note: Connects to śaucakalpaśca
शौचकल्पश्च (śaucakalpaśca) - and should observe purity (and the rule of purity)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śaucakalpa
śaucakalpa - rule of purity, measure of cleanliness
compound of śauca (purity) and kalpa (rule, measure, vow)
Compound type : tatpurusha (śauca+kalpa)
- śauca – purity, cleanliness
noun (neuter)
derived from śuci (pure) - kalpa – rule, ordinance, vow, era, possibility
noun (masculine)
from √kḷp 'to be fit, arrange'
Root: kḷp (class 6)
Note: The ca (and) joins this to the preceding clause.
द्विजोच्छिस्तं (dvijocchistaṁ) - food left over by Brahmins (the remains of food of a twice-born)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dvijocchista
dvijocchista - remains of food of a twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya)
compound of dvija (twice-born) and ucchista (remains of food)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+ucchista)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya); a bird; a tooth; a twice-born creature
noun (masculine)
from dvin 'twice' and √jā 'to be born'
Root: jā (class 2) - ucchista – remains of food, leavings
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from sam + √ciṣ 'to collect, gather' (with prefix ud)
Prefixes: sam+ud
Root: ciṣ (class 6)
Note: Governed by ca (and) bhojanam.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food (food, eating)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhojana
bhojana - food, eating, feast
Gerund
from √bhuj 'to eat, enjoy'
Root: bhuj (class 6)
Note: Governed by the implied verb 'observe' or 'is'.