मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-46
यो बन्धनवधक्लेशान प्राणिनां न चिकीर्षति ।
स सर्वस्य हितप्रेप्सुः सुखमत्यन्तमश्नुते ॥४६॥
स सर्वस्य हितप्रेप्सुः सुखमत्यन्तमश्नुते ॥४६॥
46. yo bandhanavadhakleśān prāṇināṁ na cikīrṣati ,
sa sarvasya hitaprepsuḥ sukhamatyantamaśnute.
sa sarvasya hitaprepsuḥ sukhamatyantamaśnute.
46.
yaḥ bandhana vadha kleśān prāṇinām na cikīrṣati
saḥ sarvasya hita prepsuḥ sukham atyantam aśnute
saḥ sarvasya hita prepsuḥ sukham atyantam aśnute
46.
He who does not wish to inflict upon living beings the suffering of bondage and death, being desirous of the welfare of all, attains supreme happiness.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - who, he who
- बन्धन (bandhana) - bondage, imprisonment, tying
- वध (vadha) - killing, slaughter, death
- क्लेशान् (kleśān) - afflictions, sufferings, torments
- प्राणिनाम् (prāṇinām) - of living beings
- न (na) - not
- चिकीर्षति (cikīrṣati) - wishes to inflict (wishes to do, desires to perform)
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everyone
- हित (hita) - welfare, good, benefit
- प्रेप्सुः (prepsuḥ) - desirous of the welfare (desiring, seeking)
- सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure, ease
- अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extreme, utmost, boundless
- अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains (attains, reaches, enjoys)
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - who, he who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Refers to the person performing the action.
बन्धन (bandhana) - bondage, imprisonment, tying
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bandhana
bandhana - binding, tying, bondage, imprisonment
Gerundive
Derived from root 'bandh' (to tie, bind).
Root: bandh (class 1)
Note: Part of a compound or listed with 'vadha'.
वध (vadha) - killing, slaughter, death
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha
vadha - killing, slaughter, death
Derived from root 'han' (to kill) or related.
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Part of a compound or listed with 'bandhana'.
क्लेशान् (kleśān) - afflictions, sufferings, torments
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kleśa
kleśa - pain, suffering, affliction, torment
Derived from root 'kliś' (to suffer, be distressed).
Root: kliś (class 6)
Note: The object of the suffering.
प्राणिनाम् (prāṇinām) - of living beings
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of prāṇin
prāṇin - living being, creature, animate being
Derived from 'prāṇa' (life-breath) with '-in' suffix.
Root: pra
Note: Indicates possession or relation.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
चिकीर्षति (cikīrṣati) - wishes to inflict (wishes to do, desires to perform)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, parasmaipada, present (laṭ) of kṛ
Desiderative Parasmaipada
Root 'kṛ' (to do). The desiderative form 'cikīrṣati' means 'desires to do'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The subject is 'yaḥ'.
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to the person described by 'yaḥ'.
सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everyone
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole, every
Note: Refers to all beings or all things.
हित (hita) - welfare, good, benefit
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of hita
hita - beneficial, good, welfare, benefit
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'hi' (to send, to go) or 'hī' (to abandon) with prefix 'hi' or 'saṃ'.
Note: Part of a compound.
प्रेप्सुः (prepsuḥ) - desirous of the welfare (desiring, seeking)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prīpsu
prīpsu - desirous, seeking, wishing
Desiderative Active Participle
Desiderative form of root 'prī' (to please, to love) or 'pīp' (to nourish), with '-su' suffix indicating 'one who desires'.
Root: prī (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.
सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure, ease
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha
sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort
Note: The object of 'aśnute'.
अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extreme, utmost, boundless
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of atyanta
atyanta - endless, unlimited, extreme, utmost
Compound: ati (beyond) + anta (end).
Note: Modifies 'sukham'.
अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains (attains, reaches, enjoys)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, atmanepada, present (laṭ) of aś
Atmanepada
Root 'aś' (to obtain). Forms the present tense (laṭ).
Root: aś (class 2)
Note: The subject is 'saḥ'.