मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-100
एतद वोऽभिहितं शौचं सपिण्डेषु द्विजोत्तमाः ।
असपिण्डेषु सर्वेषु प्रेतशुद्धिं निबोधत ॥१००॥
असपिण्डेषु सर्वेषु प्रेतशुद्धिं निबोधत ॥१००॥
100. etad vo'bhihitaṁ śaucaṁ sapiṇḍeṣu dvijottamāḥ ,
asapiṇḍeṣu sarveṣu pretaśuddhiṁ nibodhata.
asapiṇḍeṣu sarveṣu pretaśuddhiṁ nibodhata.
100.
etat vo abhihitam śaucam sapinḍeṣu dvi-jottamāḥ
asapinḍeṣu sarveṣu preta śuddhim nibodhata
asapinḍeṣu sarveṣu preta śuddhim nibodhata
100.
etat vo abhihitam śaucam sapinḍeṣu dvi-jottamāḥ
asapinḍeṣu sarveṣu preta śuddhim nibodhata
asapinḍeṣu sarveṣu preta śuddhim nibodhata
100.
This purification for relatives (sapinḍa) has been told to you, O best of the twice-born (dvi-jottama). Now, understand the purification for those who are not relatives (asapinḍa) and for all others.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एतत् (etat) - this (this, it)
- वो (vo) - to you (to you, for you)
- अभिहितम् (abhihitam) - told (told, declared, stated)
- शौचम् (śaucam) - purification (purity, purification, cleanliness)
- सपिण्डेषु (sapiṇḍeṣu) - among relatives (among relatives, among kinsmen)
- द्वि-जोत्तमाः (dvi-jottamāḥ) - best of the twice-born (best of the twice-born, excellent Brahmins)
- असपिन्डेषु (asapinḍeṣu) - among non-relatives (among non-relatives, among those not sharing the same funeral cake)
- सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - among all (in all, among all)
- प्रेत (preta) - departed one (referring to the dead body and the departed spirit) (dead body, departed soul, ghost)
- शुद्धिम् (śuddhim) - purification (purity, purification)
- निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand (know, understand, learn)
Words meanings and morphology
एतत् (etat) - this (this, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etat
etat - this
वो (vo) - to you (to you, for you)
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of vas
vas - you (plural)
अभिहितम् (abhihitam) - told (told, declared, stated)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of abhidhā
abhidhā - to say, to speak, to declare, to name
Past Passive Participle
Root √dhiñ (to name, to speak) with prefix ava- and abhi-
Prefix: abhi
Root: dhiñ (class 2)
शौचम् (śaucam) - purification (purity, purification, cleanliness)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca
śauca - purity, cleanliness, purification
Secondary Derivation
Derived from śuci (pure) with the suffix -ka, then converted to neuter noun
Root: śuc (class 1)
सपिण्डेषु (sapiṇḍeṣu) - among relatives (among relatives, among kinsmen)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of sapiṇḍa
sapiṇḍa - one who shares the same funeral cake or body, a kinsman, relative
Compound of sa (with) + pinḍa (lump, funeral cake)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sa+pinḍa)
- sa – with, together
indeclinable - pinḍa – lump, ball of rice (offered to ancestors), funeral cake
noun (masculine)
द्वि-जोत्तमाः (dvi-jottamāḥ) - best of the twice-born (best of the twice-born, excellent Brahmins)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dvi-jottama
dvi-jottama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins)
Compound of dvi-ja (twice-born) + uttama (best)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi-ja+uttama)
- dvi-ja – twice-born, Brahmin (also bird, snake, tooth)
noun (masculine)
Compound of dvi (two) + ja (born)
Root: jan (class 4) - uttama – best, highest, excellent
adjective (masculine)
असपिन्डेषु (asapinḍeṣu) - among non-relatives (among non-relatives, among those not sharing the same funeral cake)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of asapinḍa
asapinḍa - not a relative, one who does not share the same funeral cake
Negated compound of sapiṇḍa (relative)
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+sapiṇḍa)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - sapiṇḍa – one who shares the same funeral cake or body, a kinsman, relative
noun (masculine)
Compound of sa (with) + pinḍa (lump, funeral cake)
Prefix: sa
सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - among all (in all, among all)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, entire, whole
प्रेत (preta) - departed one (referring to the dead body and the departed spirit) (dead body, departed soul, ghost)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of preta
preta - departed, dead, ghost, departed soul
Past Passive Participle
From √prā (to go, to pass) + suffix -ta. The departed soul.
Root: prā (class 1)
शुद्धिम् (śuddhim) - purification (purity, purification)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of śuddhi
śuddhi - purity, purification, cleanness
Secondary Derivation
From śuci (pure) + -ti suffix. Abstract noun.
Root: śuc (class 1)
निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand (know, understand, learn)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of budh
Atmanepada
Root √budh (to know) with prefix ni-, and in the imperative mood, 2nd person plural, Atmanepada.
Prefix: ni
Root: budh (class 1)