मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-32
क्रीत्वा स्वयं वाऽप्युत्पाद्य परोपकृतमेव वा ।
देवान पितॄंश्चार्चयित्वा खादन मांसं न दुष्यति ॥३२॥
देवान पितॄंश्चार्चयित्वा खादन मांसं न दुष्यति ॥३२॥
32. krītvā svayaṁ vā'pyutpādya paropakṛtameva vā ,
devān pitṝṁścārcayitvā khādan māṁsaṁ na duṣyati.
devān pitṝṁścārcayitvā khādan māṁsaṁ na duṣyati.
32.
krītvā svayam vā api utpādya paropakṛtam eva vā
devān pitṛn ca ardayitvā khādan māṃsam na duṣyati
devān pitṛn ca ardayitvā khādan māṃsam na duṣyati
32.
svayam krītvā vā api paropakṛtam eva vā utpādya
devān ca pitṛn ca ardayitvā māṃsam khādan na duṣyati
devān ca pitṛn ca ardayitvā māṃsam khādan na duṣyati
32.
Whether bought, produced by oneself, or obtained by the effort of others, after honoring the gods and ancestors, eating meat does not cause impurity.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्रीत्वा (krītvā) - bought (having bought)
- स्वयम् (svayam) - by oneself (self, by oneself)
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - or (also, even, and)
- उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - produced (having produced, having generated)
- परोपकृतम् (paropakṛtam) - obtained by the effort of others (helped by others, accomplished by the help of others)
- एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, surely, only)
- वा (vā) - or
- देवान् (devān) - gods
- पितृन् (pitṛn) - ancestors (fathers, ancestors)
- च (ca) - and
- अर्दयित्वा (ardayitvā) - honoring (having pleased, having honored, having worshipped)
- खादन् (khādan) - eating (eating, one who eats)
- मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat (meat, flesh)
- न (na) - not
- दुष्यति (duṣyati) - causes impurity (becomes impure, is corrupted, is defiled)
Words meanings and morphology
क्रीत्वा (krītvā) - bought (having bought)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) of √krī
Formed from the root krī (to buy) with the suffix -tvā.
Root: krī (class 2)
स्वयम् (svayam) - by oneself (self, by oneself)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - or (also, even, and)
(indeclinable)
Note: In this context, combined with 'vā', it reinforces the 'or' sense.
उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - produced (having produced, having generated)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) of √pad (pad) with ut- prefix
Derived from the root pad (to fall, to go) with the prefix ut- (up, out) and the suffix -ya.
Prefix: ut
Root: pad (class 4)
परोपकृतम् (paropakṛtam) - obtained by the effort of others (helped by others, accomplished by the help of others)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of paropakṛta
paropakṛta - done by others, accomplished by the help of others
Past Passive Participle of paropakṛ
Compound of para (other) and upakṛta (helped, benefited). Derived from the root kṛ (to do, to make) with the prefix upa- (near, towards) and qualified by 'para'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+kṛta)
- para – other, another, foreign
adjective (neuter) - kṛta – done, made, performed, accomplished, caused
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle of √kṛ
Derived from the root kṛ (to do, to make) with the suffix -ta.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Here used adverbially or in a sense implying the result of 'paropakṛta'.
एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, surely, only)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
देवान् (devān) - gods
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
पितृन् (pitṛn) - ancestors (fathers, ancestors)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अर्दयित्वा (ardayitvā) - honoring (having pleased, having honored, having worshipped)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) of √ard (ard)
Derived from the root ard (to please, to satisfy, to worship) with the suffix -tvā. This form seems to be a variant or error; more common is 'arcayitvā' or 'ārādhya'. Given the context of honoring gods and ancestors, 'arcayitvā' (having worshipped) or 'ārādhya' (worthy of worship) would be expected. Assuming it's a grammatical variation for 'having honored'.
Root: ard (class 1)
Note: Interpreted as 'having honored' based on context.
खादन् (khādan) - eating (eating, one who eats)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of khādan
khādan - eating, one who eats
Present Active Participle of √khād (khād)
Derived from the root khād (to eat) with the active participle suffix -at.
Root: khād (class 1)
Note: Here used to describe the person who eats, making it an adjectival phrase modifying an implied 'person' or used predicatively.
मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat (meat, flesh)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa
māṁsa - flesh, meat
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
दुष्यति (duṣyati) - causes impurity (becomes impure, is corrupted, is defiled)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of duṣ
Present Indicative of √duṣ
From the root duṣ (to be impure, to spoil).
Root: duṣ (class 4)