मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-87
नारं स्पृष्ट्वाऽस्थि सस्नेहं स्नात्वा विप्रो विशुध्यति ।
आचम्यैव तु निःस्नेहं गामालभ्यार्कमीक्ष्य वा ॥८७॥
आचम्यैव तु निःस्नेहं गामालभ्यार्कमीक्ष्य वा ॥८७॥
87. nāraṁ spṛṣṭvā'sthi sasnehaṁ snātvā vipro viśudhyati ,
ācamyaiva tu niḥsnehaṁ gāmālabhyārkamīkṣya vā.
ācamyaiva tu niḥsnehaṁ gāmālabhyārkamīkṣya vā.
87.
nāram spṛṣṭvā asthi sasneham snātvā vipraḥ viśudhyati
ācamyā eva tu niḥsneham gām ālabhya arkam īkṣya vā
ācamyā eva tu niḥsneham gām ālabhya arkam īkṣya vā
87.
A twice-born person (vipra) becomes purified by touching ashes mixed with affection, bathing, or by sipping water with dry hands, touching a cow, or seeing the sun.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नारम् (nāram) - ashes (water, ashes)
- स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched
- अस्थि (asthi) - bone
- सस्नेहम् (sasneham) - with affection (with affection, with oil)
- स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - twice-born person (Brahmin, twice-born)
- विशुध्यति (viśudhyati) - becomes purified (becomes purified, becomes clean)
- आचम्या (ācamyā) - having sipped
- एव (eva) - even (even, indeed, only, thus)
- तु (tu) - but (but, and, however)
- निःस्नेहम् (niḥsneham) - with dry hands (lit. without affection/oil) (without affection, without oil)
- गाम् (gām) - a cow (cow)
- आलभ्य (ālabhya) - touching (having touched, having obtained)
- अर्कम् (arkam) - the sun (sun, fire, praise, Soma)
- ईक्ष्य (īkṣya) - seeing (having seen, to be seen)
- वा (vā) - or
Words meanings and morphology
नारम् (nāram) - ashes (water, ashes)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nāra
nāra - water, ashes, a man, a son
स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched
(indeclinable)
absolutive
formed from the root 'spṛś' (to touch) by adding the suffix '-tvā' to form anabsolutive participle.
Root: spṛś (class 10)
Note: absolutive participle
अस्थि (asthi) - bone
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of asthi
asthi - bone
सस्नेहम् (sasneham) - with affection (with affection, with oil)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sasneha
sasneha - with affection, with oil
compound: 'sa' (with) + 'sneha' (affection, oil).
Compound type : avyayibhavasamasa (sa+sneha)
- sa – with, together
indeclinable - sneha – affection, oil, tenderness, friendship
noun (masculine)
स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed
(indeclinable)
absolutive
formed from the root 'snā' (to bathe) by adding the suffix '-tvā' to form an absolutive participle.
Root: snā (class 1)
Note: absolutive participle
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - twice-born person (Brahmin, twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - Brahmin, learned, intelligent, wise, a priest
Derived from the root 'vipa' (to be strong, to shine) or from 'vipra' (wise).
Root: vipa (class 1)
विशुध्यति (viśudhyati) - becomes purified (becomes purified, becomes clean)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of śudh
Present Tense
Root 'śudh' (to be pure) in the present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. The prefix 'vi-' intensifies the meaning of purification.
Prefix: vi
Root: śudh (class 1)
आचम्या (ācamyā) - having sipped
(indeclinable)
absolutive
formed from the root 'ācam' (to sip) by adding the suffix '-ya' (an older form of absolutive).
Prefix: ā
Root: cam (class 1)
Note: absolutive participle
एव (eva) - even (even, indeed, only, thus)
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but (but, and, however)
(indeclinable)
निःस्नेहम् (niḥsneham) - with dry hands (lit. without affection/oil) (without affection, without oil)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥsneha
niḥsneha - without affection, without oil
compound: 'niḥ' (without) + 'sneha' (affection, oil).
Compound type : avyayibhavasamasa (niḥ+sneha)
- niḥ – without, out
indeclinable - sneha – affection, oil, tenderness, friendship
noun (masculine)
गाम् (gām) - a cow (cow)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of go
go - cow, bull, ox, land, speech, ray of light, senses
आलभ्य (ālabhya) - touching (having touched, having obtained)
(indeclinable)
absolutive
formed from the root 'labh' (to obtain, touch) by adding the prefix 'ā-' and the suffix '-ya' (absolutive participle).
Prefix: ā
Root: labh (class 1)
Note: absolutive participle
अर्कम् (arkam) - the sun (sun, fire, praise, Soma)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of arka
arka - sun, fire, Soma plant, praise, radiance, a kind of plant
ईक्ष्य (īkṣya) - seeing (having seen, to be seen)
(indeclinable)
absolutive
formed from the root 'īkṣ' (to see) by adding the suffix '-ya' (absolutive participle).
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: absolutive participle
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)