मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-163
पतिं हित्वाऽपकृष्टं स्वमुत्कृष्टं या निषेवते ।
निन्द्यैव सा भवेल्लोके परपूर्वैति चौच्यते ॥१६३॥
निन्द्यैव सा भवेल्लोके परपूर्वैति चौच्यते ॥१६३॥
163. patiṁ hitvā'pakṛṣṭaṁ svamutkṛṣṭaṁ yā niṣevate ,
nindyaiva sā bhavelloke parapūrvaiti caucyate.
nindyaiva sā bhavelloke parapūrvaiti caucyate.
163.
patiṃ hitvā apakṛṣṭaṃ svam uttamaṃ yā niṣevate
nindyā eva sā bhavel loke parapūrve itti ca ucyate
nindyā eva sā bhavel loke parapūrve itti ca ucyate
163.
yā svam apakṛṣṭaṃ patiṃ hitvā uttamaṃ niṣevate,
sā loke eva nindyā bhavet itti ca parapūrva ucyate
sā loke eva nindyā bhavet itti ca parapūrva ucyate
163.
She who abandons her own inferior husband and takes up with a superior man is certainly condemned in this world and is called 'parapūrva' (one who has known another's husband).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पतिं (patiṁ) - husband (husband, lord, master)
- हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)
- अपकृष्टं (apakṛṣṭaṁ) - inferior (inferior, degraded, fallen, low)
- स्वम् (svam) - own (one's own, own)
- उत्तमां (uttamāṁ) - superior (best, highest, excellent, superior)
- या (yā) - who (who, which, that)
- निषेवते (niṣevate) - takes up with (serves, attends, practices, enjoys)
- निन्द्या (nindyā) - condemned (blameworthy, censurable, ignominious)
- एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
- सा (sā) - she (she, that)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes (may be, becomes, happens)
- लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the universe)
- परपूर्वे (parapūrve) - 'parapūrva' (one who has known another's husband) (having another's husband, married to another)
- इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, indicating the end of a quotation or statement)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, too)
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called)
Words meanings and morphology
पतिं (patiṁ) - husband (husband, lord, master)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pati
pati - lord, master, husband, protector, ruler
हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)
(gerund)
अपकृष्टं (apakṛṣṭaṁ) - inferior (inferior, degraded, fallen, low)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of apakṛṣṭa
apakṛṣṭa - pulled down, degraded, inferior, low, wretched
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛṣ 'to draw, pull' with prefix apa 'away'
Prefix: apa
Root: kṛṣ (class 6)
स्वम् (svam) - own (one's own, own)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sva
sva - one's own, own, self
उत्तमां (uttamāṁ) - superior (best, highest, excellent, superior)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama
uttama - best, highest, excellent, supreme, final
from root yam 'to hold' with prefix ut 'up' and 'tama' superlative suffix
Prefix: ut
Root: yam (class 1)
या (yā) - who (who, which, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, that, what
निषेवते (niṣevate) - takes up with (serves, attends, practices, enjoys)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of niṣevate
Present Middle Indicative
root sev 'to serve', 2nd conjugation, 3rd person singular
Prefix: niṣ
Root: sev (class 2)
निन्द्या (nindyā) - condemned (blameworthy, censurable, ignominious)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of nindyā
nindya - blameworthy, censurable, ignominious, to be blamed
Gerundive
from root nind 'to blame'
Root: nind (class 2)
एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
(indeclinable)
सा (sā) - she (she, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it, the former
भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes (may be, becomes, happens)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū
Present Optative
root bhū 'to be', 2nd conjugation, 3rd person singular
Root: bhū (class 2)
लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the universe)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, realm, place, people
Note: locative case indicating location
परपूर्वे (parapūrve) - 'parapūrva' (one who has known another's husband) (having another's husband, married to another)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parapūrva
parapūrva - having another's husband, married to another
compound of para 'other' and pūrva 'first, former', used to mean 'previously possessed by another'
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+pūrva)
- para – other, another, external, distant, supreme
adjective (masculine) - pūrva – first, former, previous, prior
adjective (masculine)
Note: This is a term specifically used for women who have had a previous husband/lover. Here it's used predicatively.
इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, indicating the end of a quotation or statement)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also, too)
(indeclinable)
उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of ucyate
Present Passive Indicative
root vac 'to say', 2nd conjugation, 3rd person singular
Prefix: ut
Root: vac (class 2)