मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-79
अन्तर्दशाहे स्यातां चेत पुनर्मरणजन्मनी ।
तावत स्यादशुचिर्विप्रो यावत तत स्यादनिर्दशम ॥७९॥
तावत स्यादशुचिर्विप्रो यावत तत स्यादनिर्दशम ॥७९॥
79. antardaśāhe syātāṁ cet punarmaraṇajanmanī ,
tāvat syādaśucirvipro yāvat tat syādanirdaśam.
tāvat syādaśucirvipro yāvat tat syādanirdaśam.
79.
antaḥdaśāhe syātāṃ cet punarmaraṇajanmanī tāvat
syād aśucir vipraḥ yāvat tataḥ syāt anirdaśam
syād aśucir vipraḥ yāvat tataḥ syāt anirdaśam
79.
If within ten days there is a subsequent death and birth, the Brahmin remains impure for that period, up to ten days.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अन्तः (antaḥ) - within (inside, within)
- दशाहे (daśāhe) - within ten days (on the tenth day, within ten days)
- स्यातां (syātāṁ) - may happen (may be, may happen)
- चेत् (cet) - if (if, and if)
- पुनर् (punar) - subsequent, again (again, anew)
- मरण (maraṇa) - death
- जन्मनी (janmanī) - birth
- तावत् (tāvat) - for that period (so long, until then)
- स्यात् (syāt) - remains (may be, should be)
- अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, learned one)
- यावत् (yāvat) - up to (as long as, until)
- ततः (tataḥ) - that period (from that, then)
- स्यात् (syāt) - is (may be, should be)
- अनिर्दशम् (anirdaśam) - up to ten days (not ten days, less than ten days)
Words meanings and morphology
अन्तः (antaḥ) - within (inside, within)
(indeclinable)
दशाहे (daśāhe) - within ten days (on the tenth day, within ten days)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of daśāha
daśāha - ten days
Compound of daśa (ten) and ahan (day)
Compound type : tatpurusha (daśa+ahan)
- daśa – ten
noun - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
Note: locative case indicating time
स्यातां (syātāṁ) - may happen (may be, may happen)
(verb)
3rd person , dual, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
root
Root class 2 (ātmanepada)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: dual form for the two events (death and birth)
चेत् (cet) - if (if, and if)
(indeclinable)
Often used as a particle meaning 'if'
पुनर् (punar) - subsequent, again (again, anew)
(indeclinable)
मरण (maraṇa) - death
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa
maraṇa - death, dying
gerundive
From root 'mṛ' (to die) + suffix 'lyuṭ'
Root: mṛ (class 2)
जन्मनी (janmanī) - birth
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of janman
janman - birth, origin, life
noun of instrument/agent
From root 'jan' (to be born) + suffix 'man'
Root: jan (class 4)
तावत् (tāvat) - for that period (so long, until then)
(indeclinable)
स्यात् (syāt) - remains (may be, should be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
root
Root class 1 (parasmaipada)
Root: as (class 1)
अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aśuci
aśuci - impure, unclean, unholy
Prefix 'a-' (not) + 'śuci' (pure)
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, learned one)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - Brahmin, priest, learned, wise, intelligent, poet
From root 'vipa' (to speak, to praise)
Root: vipa (class 1)
यावत् (yāvat) - up to (as long as, until)
(indeclinable)
ततः (tataḥ) - that period (from that, then)
(indeclinable)
Derived from the demonstrative pronoun 'tat'
स्यात् (syāt) - is (may be, should be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
root
Root class 1 (parasmaipada)
Root: as (class 1)
अनिर्दशम् (anirdaśam) - up to ten days (not ten days, less than ten days)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of anirdaśa
anirdaśa - not ten, less than ten
Prefix 'an-' (not) + 'daśa' (ten)
Note: accusative case, often used adverbially with time