मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-15
यो यस्य मांसमश्नाति स तन्मांसाद उच्यते ।
मत्स्यादः सर्वमांसादस्तस्मान मत्स्यान विवर्जयेत ॥१५॥
मत्स्यादः सर्वमांसादस्तस्मान मत्स्यान विवर्जयेत ॥१५॥
15. yo yasya māṁsamaśnāti sa tanmāṁsāda ucyate ,
matsyādaḥ sarvamāṁsādastasmān matsyān vivarjayet.
matsyādaḥ sarvamāṁsādastasmān matsyān vivarjayet.
15.
yo yasya māṃśamaśnāti sa tanmāṃsāda ucyate
matsyādaḥ sarvamāṃsādas tasmān matsyān vivarjayeta
matsyādaḥ sarvamāṃsādas tasmān matsyān vivarjayeta
15.
Whoever eats the flesh of another is called a consumer of that flesh. The fish-eater is a consumer of all flesh; therefore, one should avoid fish.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यो (yo) - whoever
- यस्य (yasya) - of whom, of which (whose)
- मांशम् (māṁśam) - flesh
- अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats
- सः (saḥ) - he
- तन्मांसादः (tanmāṁsādaḥ) - consumer of that flesh
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is called
- मत्स्यादः (matsyādaḥ) - fish-eater
- सर्वमांसादः (sarvamāṁsādaḥ) - consumer of all flesh
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore
- मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - fish
- विवर्जयेत (vivarjayeta) - should be avoided (should avoid)
Words meanings and morphology
यो (yo) - whoever
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ya
ya - who, which
Note: Nominative singular masculine. Relative pronoun.
यस्य (yasya) - of whom, of which (whose)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, that
Note: Genitive singular masculine. Possessive relative pronoun.
मांशम् (māṁśam) - flesh
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa
māṁsa - flesh, meat
Note: accusative singular. Object of the verb 'aśnāti'.
अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of aśn
Root aśn (to eat).
Root: aśn (class 2)
Note: 3rd person singular, present tense.
सः (saḥ) - he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Nominative singular masculine. Refers to the subject of the next clause.
तन्मांसादः (tanmāṁsādaḥ) - consumer of that flesh
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tanmāṃsāda
tanmāṁsāda - consumer of that flesh
Compound: tat (that) + māṃsāda (flesh-eater). 'tat' refers to the flesh mentioned previously.
Compound type : tatpurusha (tat+māṃsāda)
- tat – that
pronoun (neuter) - māṃsāda – flesh-eater
noun (masculine)
from māṃsa (flesh) + √ad (to eat).
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Nominative singular. Subject of the verb 'ucyate'.
उच्यते (ucyate) - is called
(verb)
3rd person , passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Passive
Root vac (to say). Passive form 'ucyate'.
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: 3rd person singular, present tense passive. From √vac (to say).
मत्स्यादः (matsyādaḥ) - fish-eater
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of matsyāda
matsyāda - fish-eater
Compound: matsyā (fish) + āda (eater, from √ad 'to eat').
Compound type : tatpurusha (matsya+āda)
- matsya – fish
noun (masculine) - āda – eater
noun (masculine)
from √ad (to eat).
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Nominative singular. Subject of the implied copula 'asti' or 'bhavati'.
सर्वमांसादः (sarvamāṁsādaḥ) - consumer of all flesh
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvamāṃsāda
sarvamāṁsāda - consumer of all flesh
Compound: sarva (all) + māṃsāda (flesh-eater).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+māṃsāda)
- sarva – all
adjective (neuter) - māṃsāda – flesh-eater
noun (masculine)
from māṃsa (flesh) + √ad (to eat).
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Nominative singular. Predicate nominative. The statement implies that eating fish is equivalent to eating all flesh due to the nature of fish or their consumption habits.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
From the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'. The ending '-smāt' indicates ablative case used adverbially.
Note: Ablative case, used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.
मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - fish
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of matsya
matsya - fish
Note: accusative plural. Object of the verb 'vivarjayeta'.
विवर्जयेत (vivarjayeta) - should be avoided (should avoid)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of vivarjaya
Benedictional/Desiderative
From √vṛj (to turn aside, to separate) with prefix 'vi-' (apart) and causative suffix '-aya'. This is a causative verb, often used in the sense of 'to cause to avoid' or 'to cause to refrain from'. Here, it's used in the Benedictional mood (vidhiliṅ) to express exhortation or duty.
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛj (class 6)
Note: 3rd person singular, Benedictional mood (vidhiliṅ), expressing a recommendation or duty. From causative of √vṛj.