मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-148
बाल्ये पितुर्वशे तिष्ठेत पाणिग्राहस्य यौवने ।
पुत्राणां भर्तरि प्रेते न भजेत स्त्री स्वतन्त्रताम ॥१४८॥
पुत्राणां भर्तरि प्रेते न भजेत स्त्री स्वतन्त्रताम ॥१४८॥
148. bālye piturvaśe tiṣṭhet pāṇigrāhasya yauvane ,
putrāṇāṁ bhartari prete na bhajet strī svatantratām.
putrāṇāṁ bhartari prete na bhajet strī svatantratām.
148.
bālye pituḥ vaśe tiṣṭheta pāṇigrahasya yauvane
putrāṇām bhartari prete na bhajeta strī svatantratām
putrāṇām bhartari prete na bhajeta strī svatantratām
148.
strī bālye pituḥ vaśe tiṣṭheta yauvane pāṇigrahasya bhartari
prete putrāṇām vaśe tiṣṭheta svatantratām na bhajeta
prete putrāṇām vaśe tiṣṭheta svatantratām na bhajeta
148.
In childhood, she should remain under the protection of her father, in youth under her husband, and after her husband's death, under her sons. A woman should not seek independence.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- बाल्ये (bālye) - during her childhood (in childhood)
- पितुः (pituḥ) - under the protection of her father (of the father)
- वशे (vaśe) - under the protection of (under control, in the power of)
- तिष्ठेत (tiṣṭheta) - she should remain (should stay, should remain)
- पाणिग्रहस्य (pāṇigrahasya) - of the husband (of the hand-holder)
- यौवने (yauvane) - during her youth (in youth)
- पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - under her sons (of the sons)
- भर्तरि (bhartari) - after her husband (on the husband, with the husband)
- प्रेते (prete) - after her husband's death (having died, deceased)
- न (na) - not
- भजेत (bhajeta) - should seek (should serve, should resort to, should seek)
- स्त्री (strī) - a woman (woman)
- स्वतन्त्रताम् (svatantratām) - independence (independence, freedom)
Words meanings and morphology
बाल्ये (bālye) - during her childhood (in childhood)
(noun)
Locative of bālya
bālya - childhood, youth
Derived from bāla (child)
पितुः (pituḥ) - under the protection of her father (of the father)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
Base form for father
वशे (vaśe) - under the protection of (under control, in the power of)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa
vaśa - control, power, will, desire
Derived from vaś (to wish, to rule)
तिष्ठेत (tiṣṭheta) - she should remain (should stay, should remain)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, jussive (loṭ) of sthā
Jussive, 3rd Person Singular
Root sthā (stand) with jussive mood
Root: sthā (class 2)
पाणिग्रहस्य (pāṇigrahasya) - of the husband (of the hand-holder)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇigraha
pāṇigraha - one who takes the hand, husband
Past Passive Participle
Compound of pāṇi (hand) + graha (taking). Refers to the ritual of taking the hand during marriage.
Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇi+graha)
- pāṇi – hand
noun (masculine) - graha – taking, seizing, grasping
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root grah (to grasp)
Root: grah (class 2)
Note: Refers to husband
यौवने (yauvane) - during her youth (in youth)
(noun)
Locative of yauvana
yauvana - youth, young manhood
Derived from yuvan (young)
पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - under her sons (of the sons)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of putra
putra - son
भर्तरि (bhartari) - after her husband (on the husband, with the husband)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ
bhartṛ - supporter, husband, lord
from root bhṛ (to bear, to support)
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
Note: Here used to indicate time after the husband's passing.
प्रेते (prete) - after her husband's death (having died, deceased)
(indeclinable)
Past Passive Participle
Root prī (to go) with prefix pra- (away, forth). Past passive participle form.
Prefix: pra
Root: prī (class 2)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
भजेत (bhajeta) - should seek (should serve, should resort to, should seek)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, jussive (loṭ) of bhaj
Jussive, 3rd Person Singular
Root bhaj (to serve, to resort to) with jussive mood
Root: bhaj (class 1)
स्त्री (strī) - a woman (woman)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of strī
strī - woman
स्वतन्त्रताम् (svatantratām) - independence (independence, freedom)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of svatantratā
svatantratā - independence, freedom
Derived from svatantra (independent) + tā (suffix for abstract nouns)