मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-83
शुद्ध्येद विप्रो दशाहेन द्वादशाहेन भूमिपः ।
वैश्यः पञ्चदशाहेन शूद्रो मासेन शुध्यति ॥८३॥
वैश्यः पञ्चदशाहेन शूद्रो मासेन शुध्यति ॥८३॥
83. śuddhyed vipro daśāhena dvādaśāhena bhūmipaḥ ,
vaiśyaḥ pañcadaśāhena śūdro māsena śudhyati.
vaiśyaḥ pañcadaśāhena śūdro māsena śudhyati.
83.
śudhyed vipraḥ daśāhena dvādaśāhena bhūmipah
vaiśyaḥ pañcadaśāhena śūdro māsena śudhyati
vaiśyaḥ pañcadaśāhena śūdro māsena śudhyati
83.
A Brahmin becomes pure in ten days, a king in twelve days. A Vaisya becomes pure in fifteen days, and a Shudra in a month.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शुध्येत् (śudhyet) - becomes pure (should become pure, purify)
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin (a brahmin, learned man, sage)
- दशाहेन (daśāhena) - in ten days (by ten days)
- द्वादशाहेन (dvādaśāhena) - in twelve days (by twelve days)
- भूमिपह् (bhūmipah) - king (lord of the earth, king, ruler)
- वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - A Vaisya (a member of the Vaisya caste, a merchant, agriculturist)
- पञ्चदशाहेन (pañcadaśāhena) - in fifteen days (by fifteen days)
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra (a member of the Shudra caste, a laborer, servant)
- मासेन (māsena) - in a month (by a month)
- शुध्यति (śudhyati) - becomes pure (becomes pure, purifies)
Words meanings and morphology
शुध्येत् (śudhyet) - becomes pure (should become pure, purify)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of śudh
Atmanepada, Causative
Desiderative form of the root śudh. Added causative suffix nic and optative ending.
Root: śudh (class 4)
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin (a brahmin, learned man, sage)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - a brahmin, learned man, sage, intelligent
Derived from the root 'vip' meaning 'to move quickly', 'to be active', 'to be wise'.
Root: vip (class 1)
दशाहेन (daśāhena) - in ten days (by ten days)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of daśāhan
daśāhan - a period of ten days
Compound of 'daśa' (ten) and 'ahan' (day).
Compound type : dvandva (daśa+ahan)
- daśa – ten
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter) - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
Root: ah (class 4)
Note: Instrumental case indicating time period.
द्वादशाहेन (dvādaśāhena) - in twelve days (by twelve days)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of dvādaśāhan
dvādaśāhan - a period of twelve days
Compound of 'dvādaśa' (twelve) and 'ahan' (day).
Compound type : dvandva (dvādaśa+ahan)
- dvādaśa – twelve
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter) - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
Root: ah (class 4)
Note: Instrumental case indicating time period.
भूमिपह् (bhūmipah) - king (lord of the earth, king, ruler)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmipati
bhūmipati - lord of the earth, king, ruler
Compound of 'bhūmi' (earth) and 'pati' (lord, ruler).
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+pati)
- bhūmi – earth, land, ground
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
noun (masculine)
वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - A Vaisya (a member of the Vaisya caste, a merchant, agriculturist)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a member of the third caste, a merchant, agriculturist, commoner
Derived from 'viśa' meaning 'settlement', 'dwelling', 'people'.
पञ्चदशाहेन (pañcadaśāhena) - in fifteen days (by fifteen days)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of pañcadaśāhan
pañcadaśāhan - a period of fifteen days
Compound of 'pañcadaśa' (fifteen) and 'ahan' (day).
Compound type : dvandva (pañcadaśa+ahan)
- pañcadaśa – fifteen
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter) - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
Root: ah (class 4)
Note: Instrumental case indicating time period.
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra (a member of the Shudra caste, a laborer, servant)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth caste, a laborer, servant, menial
मासेन (māsena) - in a month (by a month)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of māsa
māsa - month
Note: Instrumental case indicating time period.
शुध्यति (śudhyati) - becomes pure (becomes pure, purifies)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of śudh
Ātmanepada
Present tense, 3rd person singular of the root śudh.
Root: śudh (class 4)