मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-85
दिवाकीर्तिमुदक्यां च पतितं सूतिकां तथा ।
शवं तत्स्पृष्टिनं चैव स्पृष्ट्वा स्नानेन शुध्यति ॥८५॥
शवं तत्स्पृष्टिनं चैव स्पृष्ट्वा स्नानेन शुध्यति ॥८५॥
85. divākīrtimudakyāṁ ca patitaṁ sūtikāṁ tathā ,
śavaṁ tatspṛṣṭinaṁ caiva spṛṣṭvā snānena śudhyati.
śavaṁ tatspṛṣṭinaṁ caiva spṛṣṭvā snānena śudhyati.
85.
divākīrtim udakyāṃ ca patitaṃ sūtikāṃ tathā
śavaṃ tatspṛṣṭinaṃ caiva spṛṣṭvā snānena śudhyati
śavaṃ tatspṛṣṭinaṃ caiva spṛṣṭvā snānena śudhyati
85.
One who has touched a woman during her menses, an outcaste, a lying-in woman, a corpse, or one who has touched them, becomes pure by bathing.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दिवाकीर्तिम् (divākīrtim) - a lying-in woman (often interpreted as 'woman who has given birth') (woman who has given birth, puerpera)
- उदक्याम् (udakyām) - a woman during her menses (a menstruating woman)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- पतितम् (patitam) - an outcaste (fallen one, outcaste, degraded person)
- सूतिकाम् (sūtikām) - a lying-in woman (woman in childbed, lying-in woman)
- तथा (tathā) - and (and so, likewise, also)
- शवम् (śavam) - a corpse (corpse, dead body)
- तत्स्पृष्टिनम् (tatspṛṣṭinam) - one who has touched them (one who has touched him/her/it)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - also (indeed, also, only)
- स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched
- स्नानेन (snānena) - by bathing (by bathing, with bathing)
- शुध्यति (śudhyati) - becomes pure (becomes pure, is purified)
Words meanings and morphology
दिवाकीर्तिम् (divākīrtim) - a lying-in woman (often interpreted as 'woman who has given birth') (woman who has given birth, puerpera)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of divākīrti
divākīrti - lying-in woman, woman who has given birth
Compound of 'divā' (day) and 'kīrti' (fame, glory), possibly implying the glory of childbirth. However, other etymologies suggest different roots. Often interpreted contextually as 'woman in childbed'.
Note: Accusative case, direct object of 'spṛṣṭvā'.
उदक्याम् (udakyām) - a woman during her menses (a menstruating woman)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of udakī
udakī - a menstruating woman
Derived from 'udaka' (water), referring to the fluid discharged during menstruation.
Note: Accusative case, direct object of 'spṛṣṭvā'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
पतितम् (patitam) - an outcaste (fallen one, outcaste, degraded person)
(participle)
Accusative, masculine, singular of patita
patita - fallen, degraded, outcast, ruined
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle from the root 'pat' (to fall).
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Accusative case, direct object of 'spṛṣṭvā'. Refers to a person who has fallen from social or religious standing.
सूतिकाम् (sūtikām) - a lying-in woman (woman in childbed, lying-in woman)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sūtikā
sūtikā - a woman in childbed, a mother after childbirth
Derived from the root 'su' (to give birth).
Root: su (class 2)
Note: Accusative case, direct object of 'spṛṣṭvā'.
तथा (tathā) - and (and so, likewise, also)
(indeclinable)
शवम् (śavam) - a corpse (corpse, dead body)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śava
śava - corpse, dead body
Note: Accusative case, direct object of 'spṛṣṭvā'.
तत्स्पृष्टिनम् (tatspṛṣṭinam) - one who has touched them (one who has touched him/her/it)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tatspṛṣṭin
tatspṛṣṭin - one who has touched that (object/person)
Past Passive Participle with suffix 'in'
Compound of 'tat' (that) and 'spṛṣṭa' (touched, from root 'spṛś' to touch), with the suffix 'in' forming a noun indicating the agent.
Compound type : tatpurusha (tat+spṛṣṭa)
- tat – that, it
pronoun (masculine/feminine/neuter) - spṛṣṭa – touched
participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle from the root 'spṛś' (to touch).
Root: spṛś (class 6)
Note: Accusative case, direct object of 'spṛṣṭvā'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - also (indeed, also, only)
(indeclinable)
स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched
(gerund)
Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'śudhyati'.
स्नानेन (snānena) - by bathing (by bathing, with bathing)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of snāna
snāna - bathing, ablution, purification by washing
Derived from the root 'snā' (to bathe).
Root: snā (class 1)
Note: Instrumental case, indicating the means by which purity is achieved.
शुध्यति (śudhyati) - becomes pure (becomes pure, is purified)
(verb)
3rd person , active, present (laṭ) of śudh
Ātmanepada
Present tense, 3rd person singular.
Root: śudh (class 4)