मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-5, verse-2
एवं यथोक्तं विप्राणां स्वधर्ममनुतिष्ठताम ।
कथं मृत्युः प्रभवति वेदशास्त्रविदां प्रभो ॥२॥
कथं मृत्युः प्रभवति वेदशास्त्रविदां प्रभो ॥२॥
2. evaṁ yathoktaṁ viprāṇāṁ svadharmamanutiṣṭhatām ,
kathaṁ mṛtyuḥ prabhavati vedaśāstravidāṁ prabho.
kathaṁ mṛtyuḥ prabhavati vedaśāstravidāṁ prabho.
2.
evaṃ yathoktaṃ viprāṇāṃ svadharmamanutiṣṭhatāma
kathaṃ mr̥tyuḥ prabhavati vedaśāstravidāṃ prabho
kathaṃ mr̥tyuḥ prabhavati vedaśāstravidāṃ prabho
2.
O Lord, how does death arise for these twice-born ones (vipra) who are well-versed in the Vedas and scriptures, and who are diligently following their own duties (svadharma) as described?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एवं (evaṁ) - thus, so, in this way
- यथोक्तं (yathoktaṁ) - as described (as stated, as described)
- विप्राणां (viprāṇāṁ) - of the twice-born ones (Brahmins) (of the Brahmins)
- स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - own duties (own duty, own nature)
- अनुतिस्ह्थतअम् (anutishthataam) - who are diligently following (of those who are engaged in, who are following)
- कथं (kathaṁ) - how
- म्र्̥त्युः (mr̥tyuḥ) - death
- प्रभवति (prabhavati) - arises (arises, becomes apparent, originates)
- वेदवेदाङ्ग (vedavedāṅga) - well-versed in the Vedas and scriptures (of those who know the Vedas and their limbs)
- प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master
Words meanings and morphology
एवं (evaṁ) - thus, so, in this way
(indeclinable)
यथोक्तं (yathoktaṁ) - as described (as stated, as described)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yathokta
yathokta - as said, as stated, as described
Past Passive Participle
Compound of yathā (as) and ukta (said, spoken, from √vac).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+ukta)
- yathā – as, like, according to
indeclinable - ukta – said, spoken, stated, declared
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from the root √vac (to say)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Acts as an adjective modifying 'dharma'.
विप्राणां (viprāṇāṁ) - of the twice-born ones (Brahmins) (of the Brahmins)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vipra
vipra - bright, intelligent, a Brahmin, a priest, learned man
Derived from the root √vi 'to move, to spread' or √vip 'to tremble, to be quick'. Often used synonymously with Brahmin.
Root: vi (class 1)
स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - own duties (own duty, own nature)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma
svadharma - one's own duty, one's own nature, one's proper conduct
Compound of sva (own) and dharma (duty, nature, law).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)
- sva – own, self, one's own
pronoun - dharma – duty, law, righteousness, nature, virtue, religion, custom, characteristic
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root √dhr̥ (to hold, to support)
Root: dhr̥ (class 1)
Note: Object of the gerund 'anutishthataam'.
अनुतिस्ह्थतअम् (anutishthataam) - who are diligently following (of those who are engaged in, who are following)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of anutishthata
anutishthata - one who is engaged in, who is following, who is performing
Present Participle (Active)
Derived from the root √sthā (to stand, to remain, to be) with the prefix anu- (after, along) and the infix -nu-, and the present participle suffix -at.
Prefix: anu
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: The root is √sthā (to stand, stay). The prefix 'anu' means 'along with' or 'following'. The present participle form modifies 'viprāṇāṃ'.
कथं (kathaṁ) - how
(indeclinable)
Interrogative indeclinable.
म्र्̥त्युः (mr̥tyuḥ) - death
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mr̥tyu
mr̥tyu - death, mortality
Derived from the root √mṛ (to die, to decay).
Root: mṛ (class 6)
प्रभवति (prabhavati) - arises (arises, becomes apparent, originates)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prabhū
Present Active Indicative
from the root √bhū (to be, to exist) with the prefix pra- (forth, out).
Prefix: pra
Root: bhū (class 1)
वेदवेदाङ्ग (vedavedāṅga) - well-versed in the Vedas and scriptures (of those who know the Vedas and their limbs)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vedavedāṅga
vedavedāṅga - knowing the Vedas and their auxiliary sciences (Vedāṅgas)
Compound of Veda (knowledge) and Vedāṅga (limbs of the Vedas).
Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+vedāṅga)
- veda – knowledge, the Vedas
noun (masculine)
From the root √vid (to know).
Root: vid (class 2) - vedāṅga – limb of the Veda, auxiliary science of the Vedas (phonetics, grammar, prosody, etymology, astronomy, ritual)
noun (neuter)
Compound of Veda and aṅga (limb).
प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, ruler, God, capable
From pra- (forth, before) and bhū (to be, to exist).
Prefix: pra
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Vocative case, used in direct address.