महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-192, verse-40

तेभ्यः प्रयच्छ दानानि ये प्रवृत्ता नराधिप ।
अहं न प्रतिगृह्णामि किमिष्टं किं ददानि ते ।
ब्रूहि त्वं नृपतिश्रेष्ठ तपसा साधयामि किम् ॥४०॥

40. tebhyaḥ prayaccha dānāni ye pravṛttā narādhipa ,
ahaṁ na pratigṛhṇāmi kimiṣṭaṁ kiṁ dadāni te ,
brūhi tvaṁ nṛpatiśreṣṭha tapasā sādhayāmi kim.

40. tebhyaḥ prayaccha dānāni ye pravṛttā
narādhipa aham na pratigṛhṇāmi
kim iṣṭam kim dadāni te brūhi tvam
nṛpati-śreṣṭha tapasā sādhayāmi kim

40. narādhipa,
ye pravṛttāḥ tebhyaḥ dānāni prayaccha aham na pratigṛhṇāmi kim iṣṭam (asti)? kim te dadāni? nṛpati-śreṣṭha,
tvam brūhi tapasā kim sādhayāmi?

40. O ruler of men (narādhipa), give gifts (dāna) to those who are engaged in worldly activity (pravṛtta). I, however, do not accept gifts. What do you desire? What should I give to you? Tell me, O best of kings (nṛpatiśreṣṭha), what can I achieve through (my) ascetic practice (tapas)?

Words meanings summery:

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, for them

• प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - give, offer

• दानानि (dānāni) - gifts

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• प्रवृत्ता (pravṛttā) - engaged, active

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King, ruler of men

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रतिगृह्णामि (pratigṛhṇāmi) - I accept, I receive

• किम् (kim) - what

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired (thing)

• किम् (kim) - what

• ददानि (dadāni) - should I give

• ते (te) - to you

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• नृपति-श्रेष्ठ (nṛpati-śreṣṭha) - O best of kings

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas)

• साधयामि (sādhayāmi) - I achieve, I accomplish

• किम् (kim) - what

Words meanings and morphology

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, for them

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'pravṛttāḥ' brahmins mentioned in the previous verse.

प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - give, offer

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pra-√yam

imperative active

Prefix: pra

Root: √yam (class 1)

दानानि (dānāni) - gifts

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dāna

dāna - gift, giving, donation (dāna)

Root: √dā (class 3)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

प्रवृत्ता (pravṛttā) - engaged, active

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, started, engaged in, active, relating to action

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√vṛt (to turn forward, to proceed, to begin).

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King, ruler of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men (narādhipa)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रतिगृह्णामि (pratigṛhṇāmi) - I accept, I receive

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prati-√grah

present active

Prefix: prati

Root: √grah (class 9)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired (thing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, beloved; sacrificed (PPP of √yaj)

Past Passive Participle

From √iṣ (to wish, desire) or √yaj (to sacrifice). Contextually, 'desired' is more appropriate.

Root: √iṣ (class 6)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

ददानि (dadāni) - should I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √dā

imperative active

Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Used in a deliberative sense, 'what may I give' or 'what should I give?'

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √brū

imperative

Root: √brū (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

नृपति-श्रेष्ठ (nṛpati-śreṣṭha) - O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati-śreṣṭha

nṛpati-śreṣṭha - best among kings, chief of rulers

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpati+śreṣṭha)

• nṛpati – king, lord of men
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, austerity, spiritual fervor, heat (tapas)

Root: √tap (class 1)

साधयामि (sādhayāmi) - I achieve, I accomplish

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √sādh

present active

Causative of √sidh (to be accomplished, to succeed).

Root: √sidh (class 4)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which