महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-192, verse-39

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
द्विविधा ब्राह्मणा राजन्धर्मश्च द्विविधः स्मृतः ।
प्रवृत्तश्च निवृत्तश्च निवृत्तोऽस्मि प्रतिग्रहात् ॥३९॥

39. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
dvividhā brāhmaṇā rājandharmaśca dvividhaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
pravṛttaśca nivṛttaśca nivṛtto'smi pratigrahāt.

39. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca dvividhā brāhmaṇāḥ rājan dharmaḥ ca dvividhaḥ
smṛtaḥ pravṛttaḥ ca nivṛttaḥ ca nivṛttaḥ asmi pratigrahāt

39. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca rājan,
brāhmaṇāḥ dvividhāḥ (santi) ca dharmaḥ dvividhaḥ smṛtaḥ (asti) (tau ca) pravṛttaḥ ca nivṛttaḥ ca aham pratigrahāt nivṛttaḥ asmi

39. The brahmin said, 'O King, brahmins are of two kinds, and (natural) law (dharma) is also remembered as two-fold: one engaged in action (pravṛtta) and one withdrawn from it (nivṛtta). I am one who has withdrawn (nivṛtta) from accepting gifts (pratigraha).'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brahmin, priest

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• द्विविधा (dvividhā) - of two kinds, two-fold

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma)

• च (ca) - and, also

• द्विविधः (dvividhaḥ) - two-fold

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, considered

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - engaged, active, inclined (to action)

• च (ca) - and

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - withdrawn, ceased, retired (from action)

• च (ca) - and

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - withdrawn, ceased

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• प्रतिग्रहात् (pratigrahāt) - from accepting gifts, from receiving

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brahmin, priest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

perfect active

Root: √vac (class 2)

द्विविधा (dvividhā) - of two kinds, two-fold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dvividha

dvividha - of two kinds, two-fold

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+vidha)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom (dharma)

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

द्विविधः (dvividhaḥ) - two-fold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvividha

dvividha - of two kinds, two-fold

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+vidha)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, considered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, considered, taught

Past Passive Participle

From √smṛ (to remember).

Root: √smṛ (class 1)

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - engaged, active, inclined (to action)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, started, engaged in, active, relating to action

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√vṛt (to turn forward, to proceed, to begin).

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - withdrawn, ceased, retired (from action)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, ceased, retired, withdrawn (from action/worldly life)

Past Passive Participle

From ni-√vṛt (to turn back, to cease).

Prefix: ni

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - withdrawn, ceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, ceased, retired, withdrawn (from action/worldly life)

Past Passive Participle

From ni-√vṛt (to turn back, to cease).

Prefix: ni

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

present active

Root: √as (class 2)

प्रतिग्रहात् (pratigrahāt) - from accepting gifts, from receiving

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pratigraha

pratigraha - acceptance, reception, taking, a gift

From prati-√grah (to seize, to accept).

Prefix: prati

Root: √grah (class 9)