महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-192, verse-100

राजोवाच ।
ददतोऽस्य न गृह्णासि विषमं प्रतिभाति मे ।
दण्ड्यो हि त्वं मम मतो नास्त्यत्र खलु संशयः ॥१००॥

100. rājovāca ,
dadato'sya na gṛhṇāsi viṣamaṁ pratibhāti me ,
daṇḍyo hi tvaṁ mama mato nāstyatra khalu saṁśayaḥ.

100. rājaḥ uvāca dadataḥ asya na gṛhṇāsi viṣamam pratibhāti me
daṇḍyaḥ hi tvam mama mataḥ na asti atra khalu saṃśayaḥ

100. rājaḥ uvāca tvam asya dadataḥ na gṛhṇāsi me viṣamam pratibhāti
hi tvam mama mataḥ daṇḍyaḥ atra saṃśayaḥ khalu na asti

100. The King said: 'You do not accept from him who is giving. This seems improper to me. In my opinion, you are indeed worthy of punishment; there is certainly no doubt about this matter.'

Words meanings summery:

• राजः (rājaḥ) - the king

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ददतः (dadataḥ) - of him who is giving, from the giver

• अस्य (asya) - of him, of this

• न (na) - not, no

• गृह्णासि (gṛhṇāsi) - you accept, you seize

• विषमम् (viṣamam) - improper, wrong (uneven, difficult, improper, unjust)

• प्रतिभाति (pratibhāti) - appears, seems, shines forth

• मे (me) - my, of me, to me

• दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - punishable, deserving of punishment

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• मतः (mataḥ) - in my opinion (thought, considered, opinion)

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

राजः (rājaḥ) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect active 3rd singular

From √vac (class 2), perfect form

Root: √vac (class 2)

ददतः (dadataḥ) - of him who is giving, from the giver

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dadat

√dā - to give, to offer

Present active participle

From √dā (class 3), present participle `dadat`

Root: √dā (class 3)

अस्य (asya) - of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with `dadataḥ`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गृह्णासि (gṛhṇāsi) - you accept, you seize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √grah

Present active 2nd singular

From √grah (class 9), present stem `gṛhṇā-`

Root: √grah (class 9)

विषमम् (viṣamam) - improper, wrong (uneven, difficult, improper, unjust)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, improper, bad

From vi- + sama 'even'

प्रतिभाति (pratibhāti) - appears, seems, shines forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prati√bhā

Present active 3rd singular

From prati- + √bhā 'to shine, appear' (class 2)

Prefix: prati

Root: √bhā (class 2)

मे (me) - my, of me, to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Can also be genitive. Dative 'to me' is more appropriate with `pratibhāti`.

दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - punishable, deserving of punishment

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya

daṇḍya - punishable, to be punished

Gerundive (NVA)

From √daṇḍ 'to punish' + -ya suffix

Root: √daṇḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `tvam`.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

मतः (mataḥ) - in my opinion (thought, considered, opinion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - thought, opinion, considered

Past Passive Participle

From √man 'to think' + -ta suffix

Root: √man (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

Present active 3rd singular

From √as (class 2)

Root: √as (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter

(indeclinable)

Locative of `idam`

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty

From sam-√śī 'to hesitate, doubt'

Prefix: sam

Root: √śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of `asti`.