वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-98

स तस्य चापनिर्घोषात् कुपितो नैरृतर्षभः ।
अमृष्यमाणस्तं घोषमभिदुद्राव राघवम् ॥९८॥

98. sa tasya cāpanirghoṣāt kupito nairṛtarṣabhaḥ ,
amṛṣyamāṇastaṃ ghoṣamabhidudrāva rāghavam.

98. saḥ tasya cāpanirghoṣāt kupitaḥ nairṛtarṣabhaḥ
amṛṣyamāṇaḥ tam ghoṣam abhidudrāva rāghavam

98. saḥ nairṛtarṣabhaḥ tasya cāpanirghoṣāt kupitaḥ
tam ghoṣam amṛṣyamāṇaḥ rāghavam abhidudrāva

98. That foremost demon (nairṛtarṣabha), enraged by the twang of his bow, and unable to endure that sound, rushed towards Rāghava (Rāma).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that demon (foremost of demons) (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - of Rāma (his, of him, that)

• चापनिर्घोषात् (cāpanirghoṣāt) - from the twang of Rāma's bow (from the twang/sound of a bow)

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - (the demon) enraged (enraged, angered)

• नैरृतर्षभः (nairṛtarṣabhaḥ) - the foremost demon (specifically the one addressed as Nairṛta) (foremost of demons, best of Nairṛtas)

• अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - (the demon) unable to bear (the sound) (not enduring, unable to bear)

• तम् (tam) - that (particular) sound (that, him)

• घोषम् (ghoṣam) - the sound of the bowstring (sound, noise)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - the demon rushed towards Rāma (he rushed towards)

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāma (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that demon (foremost of demons) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of abhidudrāva.

तस्य (tasya) - of Rāma (his, of him, that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies cāpanirghoṣāt.

चापनिर्घोषात् (cāpanirghoṣāt) - from the twang of Rāma's bow (from the twang/sound of a bow)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of cāpanirghoṣa

cāpanirghoṣa - twang/sound of a bow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cāpa+nirghoṣa)

• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, noise, roar, twang
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Cause of the demon's anger.

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - (the demon) enraged (enraged, angered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angered

Past Passive Participle

derived from the root kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'saḥ'.

नैरृतर्षभः (nairṛtarṣabhaḥ) - the foremost demon (specifically the one addressed as Nairṛta) (foremost of demons, best of Nairṛtas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nairṛtarṣabha

nairṛtarṣabha - foremost of demons, best of Nairṛtas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nairṛta+ṛṣabha)

• nairṛta – demon, belonging to Nirṛti
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - (the demon) unable to bear (the sound) (not enduring, unable to bear)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amṛṣyamāṇa

amṛṣyamāṇa - not enduring, unable to bear

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

derived from the root mṛṣ (to endure) with negative prefix a-

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'saḥ'.

तम् (tam) - that (particular) sound (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies ghoṣam.

घोषम् (ghoṣam) - the sound of the bowstring (sound, noise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghoṣa

ghoṣa - sound, noise, roar

Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of amṛṣyamāṇaḥ.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - the demon rushed towards Rāma (he rushed towards)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of abhidru

Perfect tense

Perfect formation of dru (to run) with prefix abhi (towards)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāma (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (Rāma)

Note: Object of abhidudrāva.