वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-33

ततस्ते वध्यमानास्तु हतयूथा विनायकाः ।
वानरा भयसंविग्ना विनेदुर्विस्वरं भृशम् ॥३३॥

33. tataste vadhyamānāstu hatayūthā vināyakāḥ ,
vānarā bhayasaṃvignā vinedurvisvaraṃ bhṛśam.

33. tataḥ te vadhyamānāḥ tu hatayūthāḥ vināyakāḥ
vānarāḥ bhayasaṃvignāḥ vineduḥ visvaram bhṛśam

33. tataḥ tu te vānarāḥ vadhyamānāḥ hatayūthāḥ
vināyakāḥ bhayasaṃvignāḥ bhṛśam visvaram vineduḥ

33. Then, being slaughtered, those monkeys, whose battalions were destroyed and who were without commanders, became greatly agitated by fear and shrieked intensely with discordant cries.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• ते (te) - they, those

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being slain

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• हतयूथाः (hatayūthāḥ) - whose troops were slain, having slain troops

• विनायकाः (vināyakāḥ) - without leaders, deprived of commanders

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• भयसंविग्नाः (bhayasaṁvignāḥ) - agitated by fear, terrified, distressed by fear

• विनेदुः (vineduḥ) - roared, cried out, shrieked

• विस्वरम् (visvaram) - with discordant cries (discordantly, in a loud/harsh voice)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, exceedingly

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivation from `tad`.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the `vānarāḥ`.

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being slain

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain, being struck down

Present Passive Participle

From √vadh + śānac (present passive participle suffix). `vadh` becomes `vadhy`.

Root: √vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vānarāḥ`.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

हतयूथाः (hatayūthāḥ) - whose troops were slain, having slain troops

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatayūtha

hatayūtha - whose troops are slain, having destroyed legions

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+yūtha)

• hata – slain, killed, destroyed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √han + kta
  Root: √han (class 2)
• yūtha – troop, host, herd, flock
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `vānarāḥ`.

विनायकाः (vināyakāḥ) - without leaders, deprived of commanders

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vināyaka

vināyaka - leader, guide, remover of obstacles (Ganesha); (in this context) without a leader

`vi` (negative/privative) + `nāyaka` (leader).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+nāyaka)

• vi – apart, without, cessation
  upasarga
• nāyaka – leader, guide
  noun (masculine)
  from √nī + ṇvul
  Root: √nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vānarāḥ`.

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of `vineduḥ`.

भयसंविग्नाः (bhayasaṁvignāḥ) - agitated by fear, terrified, distressed by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayasaṃvigna

bhayasaṁvigna - greatly agitated by fear, terrified

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+saṃvigna)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvigna – agitated, distressed, perturbed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam-√vij + kta
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `vānarāḥ`.

विनेदुः (vineduḥ) - roared, cried out, shrieked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vinad

Reduplicated perfect (Lit).

Prefix: vi

Root: √nad (class 1)

विस्वरम् (visvaram) - with discordant cries (discordantly, in a loud/harsh voice)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of visvara

visvara - discordant, out of tune, loud, harsh (as an adjective)

`vi` (different, bad) + `svara` (sound, tone).

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (vi+svara)

• vi – apart, distinct, bad
  upasarga
• svara – sound, tone, voice
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially modifying `vineduḥ`.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, exceedingly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhṛśa

bhṛśa - excessive, great, vehement, much

Note: Functions adverbially modifying `vineduḥ` and `visvaram`.