वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-120

अथाददे सूर्यमरीचिकल्पं स ब्रह्मदण्डान्तककालकल्पम् ।
अरिष्टमैन्द्रं निशितं सुपुङ्खं रामः शरं मारुततुल्यवेगम् ॥१२०॥

120. athādade sūryamarīcikalpaṃ sa brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpam ,
ariṣṭamaindraṃ niśitaṃ supuṅkhaṃ rāmaḥ śaraṃ mārutatulyavegam.

120. atha ādade sūryamarīcikalpam
saḥ brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpam
ariṣṭam aindram niśitam supuṅkham
rāmaḥ śaram mārutatulyavegam

120. atha rāmaḥ sūryamarīcikalpam brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpam
ariṣṭam aindram niśitam supuṅkham mārutatulyavegam śaram ādade

120. Then Rāma took up an arrow, which resembled the sun's rays, the staff of Brahmā's cosmic punishment (brahmadanda), and the destructive power of Kāla. This arrow was auspicious, dedicated to Indra, sharply honed, perfectly quilled, and possessed a speed equal to the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• आददे (ādade) - took up, grasped, accepted

• सूर्यमरीचिकल्पम् (sūryamarīcikalpam) - describing the arrow (resembling sun-rays)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rāma, the subject of ādade (he, that)

• ब्रह्मदण्डान्तककालकल्पम् (brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpam) - describing the arrow's destructive power (resembling Brahmā's staff of punishment, the destroyer (Antaka), and Kāla (time/death))

• अरिष्टम् (ariṣṭam) - describing the powerful arrow as auspicious (auspicious, unharmed, safe, secure)

• ऐन्द्रम् (aindram) - describing the arrow as consecrated to Indra or divine (belonging to Indra, Indric)

• निशितम् (niśitam) - describing the arrow (sharpened, keen, whetted)

• सुपुङ्खम् (supuṅkham) - describing the arrow (well-quilled, having good quills)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• मारुततुल्यवेगम् (mārutatulyavegam) - describing the swiftness of the arrow (with speed equal to the wind)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

आददे (ādade) - took up, grasped, accepted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of dā

Root dā (to give) with prefix ā- (to take, to grasp)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

सूर्यमरीचिकल्पम् (sūryamarīcikalpam) - describing the arrow (resembling sun-rays)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūryamarīcikalpa

sūryamarīcikalpa - like the sun's rays

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+marīci+kalpa)

• sūrya – sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)
• marīci – ray of light, beam
  noun (masculine)
• kalpa – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kḷp (to be arranged) + a suffix
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śaram

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rāma, the subject of ādade (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ब्रह्मदण्डान्तककालकल्पम् (brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpam) - describing the arrow's destructive power (resembling Brahmā's staff of punishment, the destroyer (Antaka), and Kāla (time/death))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpa

brahmadaṇḍāntakakālakalpa - like Brahmā's rod, Yama, and Kāla

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (brahmadanda+antaka+kāla+kalpa)

• brahmadanda – staff of Brahmā, cosmic punishment
  noun (masculine)
• antaka – terminator, ender, god of death (Yama)
  noun (masculine)
  From root ant (to end) + aka suffix
  Root: ant (class 1)
• kāla – time, death, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• kalpa – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kḷp (to be arranged) + a suffix
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śaram

अरिष्टम् (ariṣṭam) - describing the powerful arrow as auspicious (auspicious, unharmed, safe, secure)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ariṣṭa

ariṣṭa - auspicious, safe, secure, unharmed, misfortune

Past Passive Participle (negative of riṣṭa)

From a (negation) + riṣṭa (harmed)

Note: Agrees with śaram

ऐन्द्रम् (aindram) - describing the arrow as consecrated to Indra or divine (belonging to Indra, Indric)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aindra

aindra - relating to Indra, belonging to Indra

Derived from Indra with aṇ suffix

Note: Agrees with śaram

निशितम् (niśitam) - describing the arrow (sharpened, keen, whetted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, cut

Past Passive Participle

From root śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni- + kta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śaram

सुपुङ्खम् (supuṅkham) - describing the arrow (well-quilled, having good quills)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of supuṅkha

supuṅkha - having good quills

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+puṅkha)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• puṅkha – quill (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with śaram

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

मारुततुल्यवेगम् (mārutatulyavegam) - describing the swiftness of the arrow (with speed equal to the wind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārutatulyavega

mārutatulyavega - having speed equal to the wind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (māruta+tulya+vega)

• māruta – wind, wind-god
  noun (masculine)
• tulya – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with śaram