वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-48

स तत्तदा भग्नमवेक्ष्य शूलं चुकोप रक्षोऽधिपतिर्महात्मा ।
उत्पाट्य लङ्कामलयात् स शृङ्गं जघान सुग्रीवमुपेत्य तेन ॥४८॥

48. sa tattadā bhagnamavekṣya śūlaṃ cukopa rakṣo'dhipatirmahātmā ,
utpāṭya laṅkāmalayāt sa śṛṅgaṃ jaghāna sugrīvamupetya tena.

48. sa tat tadā bhagnam avekṣya śūlam cukopa rakṣaḥ-adhipatiḥ mahātman ।
utpāṭya laṅkā-malayāt sa śṛṅgam jaghāna sugrīvam upetya tena

48. tadā sa mahātman rakṣaḥ-adhipatiḥ
tat bhagnam śūlam avekṣya
cukopa sa laṅkā-malayāt śṛṅgam
utpāṭya sugrīvam upetya tena jaghāna

48. Seeing that trident thus broken, the great-souled lord of the rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) became enraged. He then uprooted a peak from Mount Laṅkā, approached Sugrīva, and struck him with it.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• तत् (tat) - that (trident) (that)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भग्नम् (bhagnam) - broken, shattered

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• शूलम् (śūlam) - trident, spear

• चुकोप (cukopa) - became angry, was enraged

• रक्षः-अधिपतिः (rakṣaḥ-adhipatiḥ) - Lord of the rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (lord of rākṣasas (demons))

• महात्मन् (mahātman) - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

• उत्पाट्य (utpāṭya) - having uprooted, having extracted

• लङ्का-मलयात् (laṅkā-malayāt) - from the Malaya mountain of Laṅkā

• स (sa) - He (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• शृङ्गम् (śṛṅgam) - peak, horn

• जघान (jaghāna) - he struck, he killed

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (proper noun)

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

• तेन (tena) - with that (peak) (with that, by him)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, subject of cukopa.

तत् (tat) - that (trident) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the trident (śūlam).

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

भग्नम् (bhagnam) - broken, shattered

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhañj (to break) with suffix -na.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with śūlam.

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Derived from root īkṣ (to see) with prefix ava- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

शूलम् (śūlam) - trident, spear

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūla

śūla - trident, spear

Note: Object of avekṣya.

चुकोप (cukopa) - became angry, was enraged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kup

perfect tense

Reduplicated root kup forming perfect tense. 3rd singular.

Root: kup (class 4)

रक्षः-अधिपतिः (rakṣaḥ-adhipatiḥ) - Lord of the rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (lord of rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣaḥ-adhipati

rakṣaḥ-adhipati - lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (rakṣas+adhipati)

• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (neuter)
• adhipati – lord, chief, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of cukopa.

महात्मन् (mahātman) - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'having a great ātman (soul)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root mah (to be great).
  Root: mah (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with rakṣaḥ-adhipatiḥ.

उत्पाट्य (utpāṭya) - having uprooted, having extracted

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Derived from root paṭ (to tear) or its causal pāṭ with prefix ut- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ut

Root: paṭ (class 1)

लङ्का-मलयात् (laṅkā-malayāt) - from the Malaya mountain of Laṅkā

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of laṅkā-malaya

laṅkā-malaya - the Malaya mountain of Laṅkā

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (laṅkā+malaya)

• laṅkā – Laṅkā (proper noun, island city)
  proper noun (feminine)
• malaya – Malaya mountain; a mountain range
  noun (masculine)

Note: Source from which the peak was uprooted.

स (sa) - He (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, subject of jaghāna.

शृङ्गम् (śṛṅgam) - peak, horn

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śṛṅga

śṛṅga - peak (of a mountain), horn

Note: Object of utpāṭya.

जघान (jaghāna) - he struck, he killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

perfect tense

Reduplicated root han forming perfect tense. 3rd singular.

Root: han (class 2)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (king of the monkeys)

Note: Object of jaghāna.

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Derived from root i (to go) with prefix upa- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

तेन (tena) - with that (peak) (with that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to śṛṅgam (the peak).