वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-1

ते निवृत्ता महाकायाः श्रुत्वाङ्गदवचस्तदा ।
नैष्ठिकीं बुद्धिमास्थाय सर्वे संग्रामकाङ्क्षिणः ॥१॥

1. te nivṛttā mahākāyāḥ śrutvāṅgadavacastadā ,
naiṣṭhikīṃ buddhimāsthāya sarve saṃgrāmakāṅkṣiṇaḥ.

1. te nivṛttāḥ mahākāyāḥ śrutvā aṅgadavacas tadā
naiṣṭhikīm buddhim āsthāya sarve saṃgrāmakāṅkṣiṇaḥ

1. Then, having heard Aṅgada's words, all those huge-bodied ones turned back, adopting a firm resolve and becoming eager for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (huge-bodied monkeys) (those, they)

• निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - having returned (from fleeing) (turned back, returned)

• महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - the monkey chiefs with their large physiques (huge-bodied, large-bodied)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (having heard)

• अङ्गदवचस् (aṅgadavacas) - the exhortation or speech given by Aṅgada (Aṅgada's words, the speech of Aṅgada)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

• नैष्ठिकीम् (naiṣṭhikīm) - a firm and unwavering resolve (firm, resolute, decisive, complete)

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - a strong resolve or determination (intellect, understanding, mind, resolve)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having resolved upon (having taken up, having adopted, having resorted to)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the monkeys) (all, every)

• संग्रामकाङ्क्षिणः (saṁgrāmakāṅkṣiṇaḥ) - resolved to fight, anticipating battle (desirous of battle, eager for battle)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (huge-bodied monkeys) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the monkey chiefs.

निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - having returned (from fleeing) (turned back, returned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, returned, ceased, retired

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix ni- + kta (past passive participle suffix). Often active in sense.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - the monkey chiefs with their large physiques (huge-bodied, large-bodied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahākāya

mahākāya - having a great body, huge-bodied, gigantic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+kāya)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• kāya – body, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'te'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (having heard)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √śru (to hear) + ktvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: śru (class 5)

अङ्गदवचस् (aṅgadavacas) - the exhortation or speech given by Aṅgada (Aṅgada's words, the speech of Aṅgada)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṅgadavacas

aṅgadavacas - Aṅgada's words/speech

Compound type : śaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (aṅgada+vacas)

• aṅgada – Aṅgada (name of a monkey prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, voice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

नैष्ठिकीम् (naiṣṭhikīm) - a firm and unwavering resolve (firm, resolute, decisive, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of naiṣṭhika

naiṣṭhika - firm, decisive, final, resolute, complete, permanent

From niṣṭhā (end, firm resolve) + ṭha (adjectival suffix)

Note: Modifies 'buddhim'.

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - a strong resolve or determination (intellect, understanding, mind, resolve)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, resolve, determination

From √budh (to know, understand)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having resolved upon (having taken up, having adopted, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √sthā (to stand) with prefix ā- + lyap (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the monkeys) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Subject of the sentence.

संग्रामकाङ्क्षिणः (saṁgrāmakāṅkṣiṇaḥ) - resolved to fight, anticipating battle (desirous of battle, eager for battle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃgrāmakāṅkṣin

saṁgrāmakāṅkṣin - desirous of battle, eager for war

From saṃgrāma (battle) + kāṅkṣin (desirous of)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃgrāma+kāṅkṣin)

• saṃgrāma – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gram (class 1)
• kāṅkṣin – desirous, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √kāṅkṣ
  From root √kāṅkṣ (to desire)
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, describing 'sarve'.