वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-67

ततः कराग्रैः सहसा समेत्य राजा हरीणाममरेन्द्रशत्रोः ।
नखैश्च कर्णौ दशनैश्च नासां ददंश पार्श्वेषु च कुम्भकर्णम् ॥६७॥

67. tataḥ karāgraiḥ sahasā sametya rājā harīṇāmamarendraśatroḥ ,
nakhaiśca karṇau daśanaiśca nāsāṃ dadaṃśa pārśveṣu ca kumbhakarṇam.

67. tataḥ karāgraiḥ sahasā sametya
rājā harīṇām amarendraśatroḥ |
nakhaiḥ ca karṇau daśanaiḥ ca nāsām
dadaṃśa pārśveṣu ca kumbhakarṇam

67. Then, the king of the monkeys (Sugrīva), suddenly attacked Kumbhakarṇa, the enemy of the lord of gods, biting both his ears with his nails, his nose with his teeth, and also his sides.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• कराग्रैः (karāgraiḥ) - with the tips of the hands/claws

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, quickly

• समेत्य (sametya) - having approached, having met

• राजा (rājā) - Sugrīva (king)

• हरीणाम् (harīṇām) - of the monkeys

• अमरेन्द्रशत्रोः (amarendraśatroḥ) - of Kumbhakarṇa (of the enemy of the lord of gods)

• नखैः (nakhaiḥ) - with nails, with claws

• च (ca) - and, also

• कर्णौ (karṇau) - both ears

• दशनैः (daśanaiḥ) - with teeth

• च (ca) - and, also

• नासाम् (nāsām) - nose

• ददंश (dadaṁśa) - bit

• पार्श्वेषु (pārśveṣu) - on the sides

• च (ca) - and, also

• कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - Kumbhakarṇa

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

adverbial suffix -tas

कराग्रैः (karāgraiḥ) - with the tips of the hands/claws

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of karāgra

karāgra - fingertip, claw tip, extreme part of the hand

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kara+agra)

• kara – hand, ray, tax
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, front, top
  noun (neuter)

Note: used here for the claws of a monkey

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, quickly

(indeclinable)

instrumental form of 'sahas' used as an adverb

समेत्य (sametya) - having approached, having met

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive of verb 'i' (to go) with prefix 'sam' and 'a'. Formation: sam-ā-√i + -tya

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: i (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - Sugrīva (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Refers to Sugrīva

हरीणाम् (harīṇām) - of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, ape; lion; sun; Viṣṇu

अमरेन्द्रशत्रोः (amarendraśatroḥ) - of Kumbhakarṇa (of the enemy of the lord of gods)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amarendraśatru

amarendraśatru - enemy of Indra (lord of the immortal ones)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amara+indra+śatru)

• amara – immortal, god
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: a
• indra – Indra, chief of the gods
  proper noun (masculine)
• śatru – enemy, rival
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Kumbhakarṇa

नखैः (nakhaiḥ) - with nails, with claws

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nakha

nakha - nail, claw

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कर्णौ (karṇau) - both ears

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of karṇa

karṇa - ear

दशनैः (daśanaiḥ) - with teeth

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of daśana

daśana - tooth, biting

Root: daṃś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नासाम् (nāsām) - nose

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nāsā

nāsā - nose

ददंश (dadaṁśa) - bit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of daṃś

perfect tense

Perfect (liṭ) third person singular, active voice. Reduplicated root √daṃś (class 1)

Root: daṃś (class 1)

पार्श्वेषु (pārśveṣu) - on the sides

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - Kumbhakarṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (a powerful Rākṣasa brother of Rāvaṇa, literally 'pot-eared')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

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