वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-11

स कुम्भकर्णं कुपितो जघान वेगेन शैलोत्तमभीमकायम् ।
स चुक्षुभे तेन तदाभिबूतो मेदार्द्रगात्रो रुधिरावसिक्तः ॥११॥

11. sa kumbhakarṇaṃ kupito jaghāna vegena śailottamabhīmakāyam ,
sa cukṣubhe tena tadābhibūto medārdragātro rudhirāvasiktaḥ.

11. saḥ kumbhakarṇam kupitaḥ jaghāna
vegena śaila-uttama-bhīma-kāyam
saḥ cukṣubhe tena tadā abhibhūtaḥ
meda-ārdra-gātraḥ rudhira-avasiktaḥ

11. kupitaḥ saḥ vegena śailottamabhīmakāyam kumbhakarṇam jaghāna.
tadā tena abhibhūtaḥ medārdra-gātraḥ rudhirāvasiktaḥ saḥ cukṣubhe.

11. He (Hanuman), enraged, struck Kumbhakarna, whose colossal body was formidable like a towering mountain, with great force. Then, overcome by him (Kumbhakarna), he (Hanuman) was agitated, his body drenched with fat and smeared with blood.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Hanuman) (he, that)

• कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - the demon Kumbhakarna (Kumbhakarna)

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged (Hanuman) (enraged, angry, furious)

• जघान (jaghāna) - struck (Kumbhakarna) (struck, killed, smote)

• वेगेन (vegena) - with great force (with speed, with force, quickly)

• शैल-उत्तम-भीम-कायम् (śaila-uttama-bhīma-kāyam) - whose colossal body was formidable like a towering mountain (referring to Kumbhakarna) (whose body is terrible like the best of mountains)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Hanuman) (he, that)

• चुक्षुभे (cukṣubhe) - was agitated (due to Kumbhakarna's counter-attack) (was agitated, was shaken, trembled)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Kumbhakarna) (by him, by that)

• तदा (tadā) - then, subsequently (then, at that time)

• अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - overcome (by Kumbhakarna's attack) (overcome, conquered, overpowered)

• मेद-आर्द्र-गात्रः (meda-ārdra-gātraḥ) - with a body drenched in fat (from Kumbhakarna's wound) (whose body is wet with fat)

• रुधिर-अवसिक्तः (rudhira-avasiktaḥ) - smeared with blood (from Kumbhakarna's wounds, and Hanuman's own) (drenched/smeared with blood)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: nominative singular masculine of 'tad'

कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - the demon Kumbhakarna (Kumbhakarna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna (name of Ravana's brother, literally 'pot-ear')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: accusative singular of 'kumbhakarṇa'

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged (Hanuman) (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kup' (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: nominative singular masculine of the past passive participle 'kupita'

जघान (jaghāna) - struck (Kumbhakarna) (struck, killed, smote)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of han

Perfect (Lit) third singular active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'han'

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Perfect 3rd singular active of 'han'

वेगेन (vegena) - with great force (with speed, with force, quickly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, force, impulse, velocity

Note: instrumental singular of 'vega'

शैल-उत्तम-भीम-कायम् (śaila-uttama-bhīma-kāyam) - whose colossal body was formidable like a towering mountain (referring to Kumbhakarna) (whose body is terrible like the best of mountains)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śailottamabhīmakāya

śailottamabhīmakāya - whose body is terrible like the best of mountains

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śailottama+bhīmakāya)

• śailottama – best of mountains
  noun (masculine)
• bhīmakāya – whose body is terrible/formidable
  adjective (masculine)

Note: accusative singular masculine of the Bahuvrihi compound 'śailottamabhīmakāya'

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: nominative singular masculine of 'tad'

चुक्षुभे (cukṣubhe) - was agitated (due to Kumbhakarna's counter-attack) (was agitated, was shaken, trembled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (Lit) of kṣubh

Perfect (Lit) third singular middle

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of root 'kṣubh'

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

Note: Perfect 3rd singular middle of 'kṣubh'

तेन (tena) - by him (Kumbhakarna) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: instrumental singular masculine of 'tad'

तदा (tadā) - then, subsequently (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: adverb

अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - overcome (by Kumbhakarna's attack) (overcome, conquered, overpowered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhibhūta

abhibhūta - overcome, conquered, overpowered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: nominative singular masculine of the past passive participle 'abhibhūta'

मेद-आर्द्र-गात्रः (meda-ārdra-gātraḥ) - with a body drenched in fat (from Kumbhakarna's wound) (whose body is wet with fat)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medārdra-gātra

medārdra-gātra - whose body is wet with fat

Compound type : bahuvrihi (medārdra+gātra)

• medārdra – wet with fat
  adjective
• gātra – body, limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: nominative singular masculine of the Bahuvrihi compound 'medārdra-gātra'

रुधिर-अवसिक्तः (rudhira-avasiktaḥ) - smeared with blood (from Kumbhakarna's wounds, and Hanuman's own) (drenched/smeared with blood)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudhirāvasikta

rudhirāvasikta - drenched with blood, smeared with blood

Compound type : tatpurusha (rudhira+avasikta)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• avasikta – drenched, sprinkled, smeared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sic' with prefix 'ava'
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sic (class 6)

Note: nominative singular masculine of the Tatpurusha compound 'rudhirāvasikta'