वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-55, verse-114

स कुम्भकर्णो ऽस्त्रनिकृत्तबाहुर्महान्निकृत्ताग्र इवाचलेन्द्रः ।
उत्पाटयामास करेण वृक्षं ततो ऽभिदुद्राव रणे नरेन्द्रम् ॥११४॥

114. sa kumbhakarṇo'stranikṛttabāhurmahānnikṛttāgra ivācalendraḥ ,
utpāṭayāmāsa kareṇa vṛkṣaṃ tato'bhidudrāva raṇe narendram.

114. saḥ kumbhakarṇaḥ astranikṛttabāhuḥ
mahān nikṛttāgraḥ iva acalendraḥ
utpāṭayām āsa kareṇa vṛkṣam
tataḥ abhidudrāva raṇe narendram

114. saḥ astranikṛttabāhuḥ mahān
nikṛttāgraḥ acalendraḥ iva kumbhakarṇaḥ
kareṇa vṛkṣam utpāṭayām āsa
tataḥ abhidudrāva raṇe narendram

114. That Kumbhakarṇa, whose arm had been severed by the weapon, immense like a great mountain whose summit has been cut off, uprooted a tree with his hand. Then, in battle, he charged towards the king.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (Kumbhakarṇa) (that, he)

• कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa (Kumbhakarṇa (proper name))

• अस्त्रनिकृत्तबाहुः (astranikṛttabāhuḥ) - whose arm had been severed by the weapon (whose arm was severed by a weapon)

• महान् (mahān) - immense (great, large, mighty, immense)

• निकृत्ताग्रः (nikṛttāgraḥ) - whose summit has been cut off (whose front/tip/summit is cut off)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अचलेन्द्रः (acalendraḥ) - a great mountain (chief of mountains, great mountain)

• उत्पाटयाम् (utpāṭayām) - uprooted (part of periphrastic perfect) (making to tear up, causing to uproot)

• आस (āsa) - (auxiliary for uprooted) (was, became (auxiliary verb))

• करेण (kareṇa) - with his hand (by hand, with the hand)

• वृक्षम् (vṛkṣam) - a tree (tree)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, after that)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - charged towards (ran towards, charged towards, attacked)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• नरेन्द्रम् (narendram) - the king (Rāma) (the king of men, the king)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (Kumbhakarṇa) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kumbhakarṇa.

कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa (Kumbhakarṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (name of a giant Rākṣasa brother of Rāvaṇa)

compound "pot-eared"

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अस्त्रनिकृत्तबाहुः (astranikṛttabāhuḥ) - whose arm had been severed by the weapon (whose arm was severed by a weapon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of astranikṛttabāhu

astranikṛttabāhu - whose arm was severed by a weapon

bahuvrīhi compound, internally a tatpurusha

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (astra+nikṛtta+bāhu)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)
• nikṛtta – cut off, severed, mutilated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  prefix ni- + root kṛt + ta
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• bāhu – arm, foreleg
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `kumbhakarṇaḥ`.

महान् (mahān) - immense (great, large, mighty, immense)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies `kumbhakarṇaḥ` or `acalendraḥ`.

निकृत्ताग्रः (nikṛttāgraḥ) - whose summit has been cut off (whose front/tip/summit is cut off)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nikṛttāgra

nikṛttāgra - whose front/tip/summit is cut off

bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nikṛtta+agra)

• nikṛtta – cut off, severed, mutilated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  prefix ni- + root kṛt + ta
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• agra – tip, front, summit, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `acalendraḥ`.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

Note: Particle of comparison.

अचलेन्द्रः (acalendraḥ) - a great mountain (chief of mountains, great mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acalendra

acalendra - chief of mountains, Himalaya, great mountain

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (acala+indra)

• acala – mountain, immobile
  noun (masculine)
  a- + cala (not moving)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: The object of comparison for Kumbhakarṇa.

उत्पाटयाम् (utpāṭayām) - uprooted (part of periphrastic perfect) (making to tear up, causing to uproot)

(verb root / stem)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect.

आस (āsa) - (auxiliary for uprooted) (was, became (auxiliary verb))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of as

Perfect Active

root as, perfect form (used as auxiliary)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms a periphrastic perfect with `utpāṭayām`.

करेण (kareṇa) - with his hand (by hand, with the hand)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kara

kara - hand, ray, tax

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Instrument for uprooting.

वृक्षम् (vṛkṣam) - a tree (tree)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree, plant

Note: Object of `utpāṭayām āsa`.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, after that)

(indeclinable)

adverbial suffix -tas from idam/tat

Note: Indicates sequence of action.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - charged towards (ran towards, charged towards, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dru

Perfect Active

root dru with prefix abhi-, reduplicated perfect form (dudrāva)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, conflict, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Location of the action.

नरेन्द्रम् (narendram) - the king (Rāma) (the king of men, the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king of men, king

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+indra)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `abhidudrāva`.