महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-326, verse-107

तेषां सकाशात्सूर्यश्च श्रुत्वा वै भावितात्मनाम् ।
आत्मानुगामिनां ब्रह्म श्रावयामास भारत ॥१०७॥

107. teṣāṁ sakāśātsūryaśca śrutvā vai bhāvitātmanām ,
ātmānugāmināṁ brahma śrāvayāmāsa bhārata.

107. teṣām sakāśāt sūryaḥ ca śrutvā vai bhāvitātmanām
| ātma-anugāminām brahma śrāvayām āsa bhārata

107. bhārata,
sūryaḥ ca vai,
teṣām bhāvitātmanām ātma-anugāminām sakāśāt śrutvā,
brahma śrāvayām āsa.

107. O Bhārata, having indeed heard from those whose inner selves (ātman) were cultivated and who followed the supreme Self (ātman), the Sun then proclaimed the brahman.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, to them

• सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from the proximity of, from the presence of, from

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun, the Sun god

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose inner self is cultivated/purified

• आत्म-अनुगामिनाम् (ātma-anugāminām) - of those who follow the self / supreme Self

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the brahman, the ultimate reality

• श्रावयाम् (śrāvayām) - caused to hear, proclaimed

• आस (āsa) - was, became (auxiliary verb forming periphrastic perfect)

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, to them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: This form can be masculine or neuter genitive plural.

सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from the proximity of, from the presence of, from

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sakāśa

sakāśa - proximity, presence

Prefix: sa

Root: kāś (class 1)

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun, the Sun god

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, the sun god

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root śru + suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: This is an indeclinable past participle (absolutive/gerund).

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose inner self is cultivated/purified

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - whose inner self is cultivated/purified

Bahuvrihi compound: bhāvita (cultivated) + ātman (self). 'Bhāvita' is a past passive participle of root bhū (to be, to exist) with causative meaning 'to cause to be, to cultivate'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, purified, developed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the causative of root bhū (to be, to exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the sages/beings from whom the Sun heard.

आत्म-अनुगामिनाम् (ātma-anugāminām) - of those who follow the self / supreme Self

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ātmanugāmin

ātmanugāmin - follower of the self/Self

Compound of ātman (self) + anugāmin (follower). Anugāmin is derived from anu-gam + ṇini suffix.

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+anugāmin)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
• anugāmin – follower, one who goes after
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun (ṇini)
  Derived from anu-gam + ṇini suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhāvitātmanām'.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the brahman, the ultimate reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the ultimate reality, the absolute, the Supreme Being (neuter); a priest, a Brahmin (masculine)

Note: Object of 'śrāvayām āsa'.

श्रावयाम् (śrāvayām) - caused to hear, proclaimed

(verb)

3rd person , active

Causative stem

Derived from root śru (to hear) with the causative suffix -aya

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: This is the first part of the periphrastic perfect 'śrāvayām āsa'.

आस (āsa) - was, became (auxiliary verb forming periphrastic perfect)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of as

Periphrastic Perfect auxiliary

Root as (to be) in the perfect tense, used as an auxiliary for periphrastic perfects.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for the periphrastic perfect 'śrāvayām āsa'.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, related to India

Note: An address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna, common in the Mahābhārata.