महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-326, verse-10

तं प्रसन्नं प्रसन्नात्मा नारदो द्विजसत्तमः ।
वाग्यतः प्रयतो भूत्वा ववन्दे परमेश्वरम् ।
तमुवाच नतं मूर्ध्ना देवानामादिरव्ययः ॥१०॥

10. taṁ prasannaṁ prasannātmā nārado dvijasattamaḥ ,
vāgyataḥ prayato bhūtvā vavande parameśvaram ,
tamuvāca nataṁ mūrdhnā devānāmādiravyayaḥ.

10. tam prasannam prasanna-ātmā nāradaḥ
dvija-sattamaḥ vāg-yataḥ prayataḥ
bhūtvā vavande parameśvaram tam uvāca
natam mūrdhnā devānām ādiḥ avyayaḥ

10. prasanna-ātmā dvija-sattamaḥ nāradaḥ
vāg-yataḥ prayataḥ bhūtvā tam
prasannam parameśvaram vavande devānām
ādiḥ avyayaḥ mūrdhnā natam tam uvāca

10. The tranquil-souled Nārada, the best among twice-born ones (dvija), becoming restrained in speech and collected, bowed down to that appeased supreme lord (parameśvara). Then, the imperishable (avyaya) primeval one of the gods spoke to him, who was bowing his head.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the deity (Hari-Nārāyaṇa) from previous verses. (Him, that.)

• प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - The deity having been appeased or being in a gracious state. (Appeased, gracious, clear, tranquil.)

• प्रसन्न-आत्मा (prasanna-ātmā) - Describes Nārada's state of mind. (Tranquil-souled, serene-minded.)

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage).

• द्विज-सत्तमः (dvija-sattamaḥ) - Referring to Nārada as a highly revered Brahmin or sage. (Best among twice-born ones (dvija).)

• वाग्-यतः (vāg-yataḥ) - Describes Nārada's controlled state. (Restrained in speech, silent.)

• प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - Describes Nārada's mental state. (Collected, attentive, pure.)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - Having become.

• ववन्दे (vavande) - Bowed down, worshipped.

• परमेश्वरम् (parameśvaram) - Supreme lord.

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Nārada. (Him, that.)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Spoke, said.

• नतम् (natam) - Bowed, bent, humbled.

• मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - With a bowed head. (With the head.)

• देवानाम् (devānām) - Of the gods.

• आदिः (ādiḥ) - The primeval one, the ultimate source of the gods. (Beginning, origin, primeval one.)

• अव्ययः (avyayaḥ) - The eternal and unchanging nature of the primeval deity. (Imperishable, immutable, indeclinable.)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Refers to the deity (Hari-Nārāyaṇa) from previous verses. (Him, that.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Parameśvara.

प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - The deity having been appeased or being in a gracious state. (Appeased, gracious, clear, tranquil.)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasanna

prasanna - appeased, pleased, clear, tranquil, gracious

Past Passive Participle

From pra (forth, before) + sad (to sit, settle) + na (suffix for PPP).

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies tam (Parameśvaram).

प्रसन्न-आत्मा (prasanna-ātmā) - Describes Nārada's state of mind. (Tranquil-souled, serene-minded.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasanna-ātman

prasanna-ātman - One whose soul (ātman) is tranquil or serene.

Compound: prasanna (tranquil) + ātman (soul).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prasanna+ātman)

• prasanna – tranquil, serene, pleased
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra + sad
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  From an (to breathe)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Modifies Nārada.

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage).

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada, a divine sage and messenger, son of Brahma

Note: The subject of the first sentence.

द्विज-सत्तमः (dvija-sattamaḥ) - Referring to Nārada as a highly revered Brahmin or sage. (Best among twice-born ones (dvija).)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija-sattama

dvija-sattama - The best among the twice-born.

Compound: dvija (twice-born) + sattama (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; also bird, tooth)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: dvi (two) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama.

Note: Appositive to Nārada.

वाग्-यतः (vāg-yataḥ) - Describes Nārada's controlled state. (Restrained in speech, silent.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāg-yata

vāg-yata - Restrained in speech, silent.

Compound: vāc (speech) + yata (restrained).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vāc+yata)

• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• yata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From yam (to restrain, control)
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies Nārada.

प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - Describes Nārada's mental state. (Collected, attentive, pure.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayata

prayata - collected, attentive, pure, striving

Past Passive Participle

From pra (forth, before) + yat (to strive, exert) + kta (suffix for PPP).

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Modifies Nārada.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - Having become.

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from bhū (to be, become) + tvā (suffix for absolutive).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates a prior action to vavande.

ववन्दे (vavande) - Bowed down, worshipped.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of vand

Perfect tense

Third person singular, Perfect tense, middle voice (ātmanepada) of root vand.

Root: vand (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first sentence.

परमेश्वरम् (parameśvaram) - Supreme lord.

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parameśvara

parameśvara - Supreme lord, highest God.

Compound: parama (supreme) + īśvara (lord).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+īśvara)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, best
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, god, powerful
  noun (masculine)
  From īś (to rule, be master)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of vavande.

तम् (tam) - Refers to Nārada. (Him, that.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Object of uvāca, refers to Nārada.

उवाच (uvāca) - Spoke, said.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Third person singular, Perfect tense, active voice of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second sentence.

नतम् (natam) - Bowed, bent, humbled.

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nata

nata - bowed, bent, humbled, inclined

Past Passive Participle

From nam (to bow, bend) + kta (suffix for PPP).

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Modifies tam (Nārada), indicating his state while being addressed.

मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - With a bowed head. (With the head.)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

Note: Used adverbially with natam.

देवानाम् (devānām) - Of the gods.

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From div (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Possessive case, refers to ādiḥ.

आदिः (ādiḥ) - The primeval one, the ultimate source of the gods. (Beginning, origin, primeval one.)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, origin, first, primeval one

From a (to) + dā (to give, cut)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

अव्ययः (avyayaḥ) - The eternal and unchanging nature of the primeval deity. (Imperishable, immutable, indeclinable.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, unchangeable, indeclinable word

Compound: a (not) + vyaya (expenditure, decay).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyaya – expenditure, decay, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + i (to go)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies ādiḥ.