महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-78

पुनः सुप्तानुपाधाक्षीद्बालकान्वारणावते ।
शयानानार्यया सार्धं को नु तत्कर्तुमर्हति ॥७८॥

78. punaḥ suptānupādhākṣīdbālakānvāraṇāvate ,
śayānānāryayā sārdhaṁ ko nu tatkartumarhati.

78. punaḥ suptān upādhākṣīt bālakān vāraṇāvate
śayānān āryayā sārdham kaḥ nu tat kartum arhati

78. In Vāraṇāvata, he again burned the sleeping children who were lying down with the noble lady. Who indeed would be capable of committing such an act?

Words meanings summery:

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

• सुप्तान् (suptān) - sleeping, asleep

• उपाधाक्षीत् (upādhākṣīt) - he burned, consumed, set fire to

• बालकान् (bālakān) - children, boys

• वारणावते (vāraṇāvate) - The city where the lac house (lakṣāgṛha) was built, as narrated in the Mahābhārata. (in Vāraṇāvata)

• शयानान् (śayānān) - lying down, sleeping

• आर्यया (āryayā) - Refers to Kuntī, the mother of the Pāṇḍavas. (with the noble lady)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then, surely

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the act of burning the children. (that, such)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to act

• अर्हति (arhati) - is able, is worthy, deserves

Words meanings and morphology

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

(indeclinable)

Note: Original `r` becomes `ḥ` (visarga) before a voiceless consonant.

सुप्तान् (suptān) - sleeping, asleep

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, slumbering

Past Passive Participle

From root `svap` (to sleep) + `kta` suffix.

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Modifies `bālakān`.

उपाधाक्षीत् (upādhākṣīt) - he burned, consumed, set fire to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (Luṅ) of upa-dah

Aorist (Luṅ)

From root `dah` (to burn) with prefix `upa-`. Aorist 3rd person singular.

Prefix: upa

Root: dah (class 1)

बालकान् (bālakān) - children, boys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bālaka

bālaka - child, boy, young one

Note: Object of `upādhākṣīt`.

वारणावते (vāraṇāvate) - The city where the lac house (lakṣāgṛha) was built, as narrated in the Mahābhārata. (in Vāraṇāvata)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāraṇāvata

vāraṇāvata - Name of a city mentioned in the Mahābhārata

शयानान् (śayānān) - lying down, sleeping

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping, reposing

Present Middle Participle

From root `śī` (to lie, sleep) + `śāna` suffix.

Root: śī (class 2)

आर्यया (āryayā) - Refers to Kuntī, the mother of the Pāṇḍavas. (with the noble lady)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of āryā

āryā - noble lady, respectable woman

Feminine form of `ārya`.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then, surely

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the act of burning the children. (that, such)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Object of `kartum`.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to act

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṛ

Infinitive

Formed with `tumun` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्हति (arhati) - is able, is worthy, deserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of arh

Present indicative

Present 3rd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)