महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
भोजाः प्रव्रजिताञ्श्रुत्वा वृष्णयश्चान्धकैः सह ।
पाण्डवान्दुःखसंतप्तान्समाजग्मुर्महावने ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
bhojāḥ pravrajitāñśrutvā vṛṣṇayaścāndhakaiḥ saha ,
pāṇḍavānduḥkhasaṁtaptānsamājagmurmahāvane.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca bhojāḥ pravrajitān śrutvā vṛṣṇayaḥ ca
andhakaiḥ saha pāṇḍavān duḥkhasaṃtaptān samājagmuḥ mahāvane

1. Vaisampayana said: Having heard that the Pāṇḍavas were exiled and deeply afflicted by sorrow, the Bhojas, the Vṛṣṇis, and the Andhakas together came to them in the great forest.

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, כששמעו בְּנֵי בְּהוֹג׳ַה, וַרְשְׁנִי ואַנְדְהַקַה שבני פָּאנְדוּ גולו ושרויים בצער רב, הם התכנסו ביער הגדול.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaisampayana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भोजाः (bhojāḥ) - the Bhojas (a Yadava clan)

• प्रव्रजितान् (pravrajitān) - exiled (referring to the Pandavas) (gone forth, exiled, wandering, ascetic)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वृष्णयः (vṛṣṇayaḥ) - the Vrishnis (a Yadava clan)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अन्धकैः (andhakaiḥ) - the Andhakas (a Yadava clan) (by the Andhakas, with the Andhakas)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

• दुःखसंतप्तान् (duḥkhasaṁtaptān) - deeply afflicted by sorrow (distressed by sorrow, greatly afflicted, consumed by grief)

• समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - came to them (they came together, they arrived)

• महावने (mahāvane) - in the great forest

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaisampayana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaisampayana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

Note: Speaker in the narrative.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect, 3rd person singular

Perfect tense from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

भोजाः (bhojāḥ) - the Bhojas (a Yadava clan)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhoja

bhoja - name of a Yadava clan, a king, a liberal person

Note: One of the subjects of 'samājagmuḥ'.

प्रव्रजितान् (pravrajitān) - exiled (referring to the Pandavas) (gone forth, exiled, wandering, ascetic)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pravrajita

pravrajita - gone forth, departed, exiled, become an ascetic

Past Passive Participle

From root vraj (to go) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavān'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Connects the hearing with the arrival.

वृष्णयः (vṛṣṇayaḥ) - the Vrishnis (a Yadava clan)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇi

vṛṣṇi - name of a Yadava clan, a descendant of Vṛṣṇi

Note: One of the subjects of 'samājagmuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Vrishnis with Andhakas.

अन्धकैः (andhakaiḥ) - the Andhakas (a Yadava clan) (by the Andhakas, with the Andhakas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of andhaka

andhaka - name of a Yadava clan, a descendant of Andhaka

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas

Note: Object of 'śrutvā' (implicitly 'were in distress').

दुःखसंतप्तान् (duḥkhasaṁtaptān) - deeply afflicted by sorrow (distressed by sorrow, greatly afflicted, consumed by grief)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of duḥkhasaṃtapta

duḥkhasaṁtapta - distressed by sorrow, greatly afflicted by pain

Compound of duḥkha (sorrow) and saṃtapta (afflicted)

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+saṃtapta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• saṃtapta – heated, tormented, distressed, afflicted
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tap (to heat, torment) with upasarga sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavān'.

समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - came to them (they came together, they arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect, 3rd person plural

Perfect tense from root gam (to go) with upasargas sam-ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for Bhojas, Vrishnis, and Andhakas.

महावने (mahāvane) - in the great forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāvana

mahāvana - great forest, large forest

Compound of mahā (great) and vana (forest)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+vana)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location of arrival.

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