महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-71

य एतानाक्षिपद्राष्ट्रात्सह मात्राविहिंसकान् ।
अधीयानान्पुरा बालान्व्रतस्थान्मधुसूदन ॥७१॥

71. ya etānākṣipadrāṣṭrātsaha mātrāvihiṁsakān ,
adhīyānānpurā bālānvratasthānmadhusūdana.

71. ya etān ākṣipat rāṣṭrāt saha mātrā avihimsakān
adhīyānān purā bālān vratasthān madhusūdana

71. O Madhusūdana, he who previously expelled these innocent boys, who were studying and observing vows, from the kingdom along with their mother...

Words meanings summery:

• य (ya) - he who (referring to Duryodhana implicitly from previous context) (who, which)

• एतान् (etān) - these (referring to the Pāṇḍava brothers) (these)

• आक्षिपत् (ākṣipat) - expelled, hurled, threw out

• राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom, from the country

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• मात्रा (mātrā) - with their mother (Kuntī) (by/with the mother)

• अविहिम्सकान् (avihimsakān) - non-violent, harmless, innocent (ones)

• अधीयानान् (adhīyānān) - studying, learning

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• बालान् (bālān) - boys, children, youngsters

• व्रतस्थान् (vratasthān) - observing vows, engaged in religious vows

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

Words meanings and morphology

य (ya) - he who (referring to Duryodhana implicitly from previous context) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

एतान् (etān) - these (referring to the Pāṇḍava brothers) (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

आक्षिपत् (ākṣipat) - expelled, hurled, threw out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom, from the country

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm, nation

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

मात्रा (mātrā) - with their mother (Kuntī) (by/with the mother)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

अविहिम्सकान् (avihimsakān) - non-violent, harmless, innocent (ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of avihimsaka

avihimsaka - non-violent, harmless, innocent

from a + vi + √hiṃs (to injure) + aka suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vihimsaka)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• vihimsaka – injurious, violent, harmful
  adjective (masculine)
  from vi + √hiṃs
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: qualifying 'etān' and 'bālān'

अधीयानान् (adhīyānān) - studying, learning

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of adhīyāna

adhīyāna - studying, learning, reciting

Present Middle Participle

from adhi + √i (to go) + śānac (middle participle suffix)

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: qualifying 'etān' and 'bālān'

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

बालान् (bālān) - boys, children, youngsters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - boy, child, youngster, immature

Note: object of 'ākṣipat'

व्रतस्थान् (vratasthān) - observing vows, engaged in religious vows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vratastha

vratastha - observing vows, engaged in religious duties or vows

from vrata (vow) + stha (standing, abiding)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vrata+stha)

• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, abiding, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  from √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: qualifying 'etān' and 'bālān'

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu; an epithet of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa

from madhu (name of a demon) + sūdana (slayer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – Madhu (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √sūd (to destroy, kill)
  Root: sūd (class 10)