महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-71

य एतानाक्षिपद्राष्ट्रात्सह मात्राविहिंसकान् ।
अधीयानान्पुरा बालान्व्रतस्थान्मधुसूदन ॥७१॥

71. ya etānākṣipadrāṣṭrātsaha mātrāvihiṁsakān ,
adhīyānānpurā bālānvratasthānmadhusūdana.

71. ya etān ākṣipat rāṣṭrāt saha mātrā avihimsakān
adhīyānān purā bālān vratasthān madhusūdana

71. O Madhusūdana, he who previously expelled these innocent boys, who were studying and observing vows, from the kingdom along with their mother...

71. הוא זה שגירש אותם מהממלכה יחד עם אמם, הם שלא פגעו באיש, אז עוד ילדים שלמדו ושמרו נדרים, הו מַדְהוּסוּדַנַה.

Words meanings summery:

• य (ya) - he who (referring to Duryodhana implicitly from previous context) (who, which)

• एतान् (etān) - these (referring to the Pāṇḍava brothers) (these)

• आक्षिपत् (ākṣipat) - expelled, hurled, threw out

• राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom, from the country

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• मात्रा (mātrā) - with their mother (Kuntī) (by/with the mother)

• अविहिम्सकान् (avihimsakān) - non-violent, harmless, innocent (ones)

• अधीयानान् (adhīyānān) - studying, learning

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• बालान् (bālān) - boys, children, youngsters

• व्रतस्थान् (vratasthān) - observing vows, engaged in religious vows

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

Words meanings and morphology

य (ya) - he who (referring to Duryodhana implicitly from previous context) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

एतान् (etān) - these (referring to the Pāṇḍava brothers) (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

आक्षिपत् (ākṣipat) - expelled, hurled, threw out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom, from the country

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm, nation

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

मात्रा (mātrā) - with their mother (Kuntī) (by/with the mother)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

अविहिम्सकान् (avihimsakān) - non-violent, harmless, innocent (ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of avihimsaka

avihimsaka - non-violent, harmless, innocent

from a + vi + √hiṃs (to injure) + aka suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vihimsaka)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• vihimsaka – injurious, violent, harmful
  adjective (masculine)
  from vi + √hiṃs
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: qualifying 'etān' and 'bālān'

अधीयानान् (adhīyānān) - studying, learning

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of adhīyāna

adhīyāna - studying, learning, reciting

Present Middle Participle

from adhi + √i (to go) + śānac (middle participle suffix)

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: qualifying 'etān' and 'bālān'

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

बालान् (bālān) - boys, children, youngsters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - boy, child, youngster, immature

Note: object of 'ākṣipat'

व्रतस्थान् (vratasthān) - observing vows, engaged in religious vows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vratastha

vratastha - observing vows, engaged in religious duties or vows

from vrata (vow) + stha (standing, abiding)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vrata+stha)

• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, abiding, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  from √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: qualifying 'etān' and 'bālān'

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu; an epithet of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa

from madhu (name of a demon) + sūdana (slayer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – Madhu (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √sūd (to destroy, kill)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

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