महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-103

एवं सुयुद्धे पार्थेन जिताहं मधुसूदन ।
स्वयंवरे महत्कर्म कृत्वा नसुकरं परैः ॥१०३॥

103. evaṁ suyuddhe pārthena jitāhaṁ madhusūdana ,
svayaṁvare mahatkarma kṛtvā nasukaraṁ paraiḥ.

103. evam suyuddhe pārtena jitā aham madhusūdana
svayavare mahat karma kṛtvā na sukaram paraiḥ

103. O Madhusūdana, in this way, I was won by Arjuna (Pārtha) in a great battle (svayaṃvara), after he performed a mighty feat that was not easily accomplished by others.

103. כך, הו מַדְהוּסוּדַנַה, נכבשתי בקרב כשר בידי פָּארְטְהַא, אחרי שבחתונת הבחירה עשה מעשה גדול שאחרים אינם מסוגלים לו.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

• सुयुद्धे (suyuddhe) - in the great battle (referring to the svayaṃvara contest) (in a good battle, in a great fight)

• पार्तेन (pārtena) - by Arjuna (Pārtha) (by Pārtha)

• जिता (jitā) - won, conquered

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (slayer of the demon Madhu) (O Madhusūdana)

• स्वयंवरे (svayaṁvare) - in the svayaṃvara, in the self-choice marriage ceremony

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, large

• कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work (karma)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• न (na) - not, no

• सुकरम् (sukaram) - easy to do, easily done

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by enemies

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

सुयुद्धे (suyuddhe) - in the great battle (referring to the svayaṃvara contest) (in a good battle, in a great fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of suyuddha

suyuddha - a good battle, a great fight

Compound of 'su' (good, well) and 'yuddha' (battle).

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+yuddha)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  An upasarga (prefix) meaning 'good', 'well', 'easy'.
• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root 'yudh' (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

पार्तेन (pārtena) - by Arjuna (Pārtha) (by Pārtha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

जिता (jitā) - won, conquered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, overcome, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root ji (1st class) 'to conquer'.

Root: ji (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (slayer of the demon Madhu) (O Madhusūdana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu (epithet of Kṛṣṇa/Viṣṇu)

Compound of Madhu (name of a demon) and sūdana (destroyer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – sweet, honey; name of a demon
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroyer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sūd' (to destroy, kill).
  Root: sūd (class 10)

स्वयंवरे (svayaṁvare) - in the svayaṃvara, in the self-choice marriage ceremony

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svayaṃvara

svayaṁvara - a public ceremony where a bride chooses her husband from a number of suitors

Compound of 'svayam' (by oneself) and 'vara' (choice, choosing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (svayam+vara)

• svayam – by oneself, personally
  indeclinable
• vara – choice, choosing, bridegroom, boon
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vṛ' (to choose).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

कर्म (karma) - deed, action, work (karma)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - deed, action, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix 'man'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) with the suffix '-tvā'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुकरम् (sukaram) - easy to do, easily done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukara

sukara - easy to do, easily accomplished, feasible

Gerundive

Compound of 'su' (easy) and 'kara' (making, doing), from root 'kṛ'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+kara)

• su – good, well, easy
  indeclinable
  An upasarga (prefix) meaning 'good', 'well', 'easy'.
• kara – making, doing, accomplishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Gerundive related
  From root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Here 'sukaram' acts as a predicate adjective.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by enemies

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

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