महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-53

कथं नु भार्या पार्थानां तव कृष्ण सखी विभो ।
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य भगिनी सभां कृष्येत मादृशी ॥५३॥

53. kathaṁ nu bhāryā pārthānāṁ tava kṛṣṇa sakhī vibho ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnasya bhaginī sabhāṁ kṛṣyeta mādṛśī.

53. katham nu bhāryā pārthānām tava kṛṣṇa sakhī vibho
dhṛṣṭadyumnasya bhaginī sabhām kṛṣyeta mādṛśī

53. How indeed can someone like me—the wife of the Pārthas, your friend, O Krishna, O all-pervading one (vibhu), and the sister of Dhṛṣṭadyumna—be dragged into this assembly?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

• नु (nu) - indeed, emphasizing the rhetorical question (indeed, now, certainly, then)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife, spouse

• पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the sons of Pṛthā, of the Pāṇḍavas

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - vocative for Lord Krishna (O Krishna)

• सखी (sakhī) - Draupadī referring to herself as Krishna's friend (friend (feminine))

• विभो (vibho) - vocative for Krishna (O all-pervading one, O lord)

• धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• भगिनी (bhaginī) - sister

• सभाम् (sabhām) - the assembly hall (where the dice game and subsequent events took place) (assembly, court, hall)

• कृष्येत (kṛṣyeta) - might be dragged, should be dragged, be pulled

• मादृशी (mādṛśī) - a woman of such high status as myself (like me, such as I)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

नु (nu) - indeed, emphasizing the rhetorical question (indeed, now, certainly, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife, spouse

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, spouse, female to be supported

Gerundive

from root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with suffix '-ya', feminine form

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the sons of Pṛthā, of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a Pāṇḍava

patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: Refers to the five Pāṇḍava brothers.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Possessive pronoun.

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - vocative for Lord Krishna (O Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna, dark, black

सखी (sakhī) - Draupadī referring to herself as Krishna's friend (friend (feminine))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sakhī

sakhī - female friend, companion

विभो (vibho) - vocative for Krishna (O all-pervading one, O lord)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, mighty, powerful, lord, controller

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Often used as an epithet for God.

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Draupadī's brother)

भगिनी (bhaginī) - sister

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhaginī

bhaginī - sister

सभाम् (sabhām) - the assembly hall (where the dice game and subsequent events took place) (assembly, court, hall)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, court, council, hall, gambling house

Prefix: sa

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kṛṣyeta'.

कृष्येत (kṛṣyeta) - might be dragged, should be dragged, be pulled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛṣ

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Passive voice, expressing possibility or command in a polite way.

मादृशी (mādṛśī) - a woman of such high status as myself (like me, such as I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mādṛś

mādṛś - like me, such as I, similar to me

Note: Agrees with 'bhāryā', 'sakhī', 'bhaginī', referring to Draupadī.