महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-120

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्युक्तेऽभिमुखा वीरा वासुदेवमुपस्थिता ।
तेषां मध्ये महाबाहुः केशवो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१२०॥

120. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityukte'bhimukhā vīrā vāsudevamupasthitā ,
teṣāṁ madhye mahābāhuḥ keśavo vākyamabravīt.

120. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | iti ukte abhimukhāḥ vīrāḥ vāsudevam
upasthitāḥ | teṣām madhye mahābāhuḥ keśavaḥ vākyam abravīt

120. Vaiśampāyana said, "When this was uttered, the heroes stood facing Vāsudeva. Among them, the mighty-armed Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) spoke these words."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya) (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• इति (iti) - this (referring to what was just said) (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्ते (ukte) - when this was uttered (when said, when spoken, in that which was said)

• अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - facing (Vāsudeva) (facing, turned towards, confronting)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (Pāṇḍavas) (heroes, warriors)

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

• उपस्थिताः (upasthitāḥ) - stood (before him), approached (stood near, approached, were present)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (the heroes) (of them, among them)

• मध्ये (madhye) - among (in the middle, among, between)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (one) (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (speech, words, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, uttered)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya) (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - this (referring to what was just said) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्ते (ukte) - when this was uttered (when said, when spoken, in that which was said)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, uttered

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak). Formed irregularly.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the statement mentioned by iti.

अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - facing (Vāsudeva) (facing, turned towards, confronting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, fronting, confronting

From prefix abhi (towards) and mukha (face).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, to, over, on, in front of
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• mukha – face, mouth, front, opening
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies vīrāḥ.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (Pāṇḍavas) (heroes, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Vāsudeva (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa, son of Vasudeva)

Note: Object of upasthitāḥ (implied upasthitaḥ with abhi).

उपस्थिताः (upasthitāḥ) - stood (before him), approached (stood near, approached, were present)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upasthita

upasthita - standing near, present, approached, attended

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix upa (near)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate here.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (the heroes) (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the vīrāḥ.

मध्ये (madhye) - among (in the middle, among, between)

(indeclinable)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (one) (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed (epithet of strong heroes like Viṣṇu, Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna)

From mahā (great) and bāhu (arm).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, strong
  adjective (masculine)
  Stem form of mahat.
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa/Viṣṇu, 'one with long hair' or 'slayer of Keśī demon')

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (speech, words, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, uttered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect active indicative

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice. Root brū (an alternative to vac).

Root: brū (class 2)