महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-23

अदितेरपि पुत्रत्वमेत्य यादवनन्दन ।
त्वं विष्णुरिति विख्यात इन्द्रादवरजो भुवि ॥२३॥

23. aditerapi putratvametya yādavanandana ,
tvaṁ viṣṇuriti vikhyāta indrādavarajo bhuvi.

23. aditeḥ api putratvam etya yādavanandana tvam
viṣṇuḥ iti vikhyātaḥ indrāt avarajaḥ bhuvi

23. O descendant of Yadu, you became a son of Aditi and are renowned on earth as Vishnu, the younger brother of Indra.

Words meanings summery:

• अदितेः (aditeḥ) - of Aditi

• अपि (api) - also, even

• पुत्रत्वम् (putratvam) - sonship, state of being a son

• एत्य (etya) - having obtained (sonship) (having gone, having reached, having obtained)

• यादवनन्दन (yādavanandana) - A name for Krishna. (O delight of the Yadus, O descendant of Yadu)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu

• इति (iti) - Used to indicate a direct quotation or designation. (thus, so, as)

• विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, known as

• इन्द्रात् (indrāt) - from Indra, than Indra

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - younger brother

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

Words meanings and morphology

अदितेः (aditeḥ) - of Aditi

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of aditi

aditi - Aditi (mother of gods, boundlessness)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

पुत्रत्वम् (putratvam) - sonship, state of being a son

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of putratva

putratva - sonship, filiation, state of being a son

formed from `putra` (son) + suffix `-tva` (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Object of `etya`.

एत्य (etya) - having obtained (sonship) (having gone, having reached, having obtained)

(indeclinable participle)

यादवनन्दन (yādavanandana) - A name for Krishna. (O delight of the Yadus, O descendant of Yadu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yādavanandana

yādavanandana - delight of the Yadus, a descendant of Yadu (a name of Krishna)

compound of `yādava` (descendant of Yadu) and `nandana` (delight, son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yādava+nandana)

• yādava – descendant of Yadu, belonging to the Yadu clan
  noun (masculine)
  derived from Yadu
• nandana – delight, son, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  from root `nand` (to rejoice)
  Root: nand (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Nominative singular of `yuṣmad`.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a principal deity in Hinduism)

From root `viṣ` (to pervade).

Root: viṣ

Note: Predicate nominative for `tvam`.

इति (iti) - Used to indicate a direct quotation or designation. (thus, so, as)

(indeclinable)

विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, known as

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikhyāta

vikhyāta - famous, renowned, well-known, known as

Past Passive Participle

from `vi` (intensifier) + root `khyā` (to tell, relate) + suffix `-ta`.

Prefix: vi

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Adjective describing `tvam`.

इन्द्रात् (indrāt) - from Indra, than Indra

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of gods)

Note: Used with a comparative adjective (`avarajaḥ`).

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - younger brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - younger, younger born, younger brother

from `avara` (lower, later) + suffix `-ja` (born from root `jan`)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (avara+ja)

• avara – lower, later, inferior
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective/suffix (masculine)
  from root `jan`
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for `tvam`, describing relation to Indra.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, world, ground

Note: Locative of place.