महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-62

आत्मा हि जायते तस्यां तस्माज्जाया भवत्युत ।
भर्ता च भार्यया रक्ष्यः कथं जायान्ममोदरे ॥६२॥

62. ātmā hi jāyate tasyāṁ tasmājjāyā bhavatyuta ,
bhartā ca bhāryayā rakṣyaḥ kathaṁ jāyānmamodare.

62. ātmā hi jāyate tasyām tasmāt jāyā bhavati uta
bhartā ca bhāryayā rakṣyaḥ katham jāyāt mama udare

62. Indeed, the husband's essence (ātman) is born in her; therefore, she is called `jāyā` (wife). Moreover, a husband should be protected by his wife. How, then, could he (the husband) be born from my womb (as his mother)?

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the husband's essence, his lineage, or the self which continues through progeny (self, soul, spirit)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born (is born, originates, is produced)

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in her (the wife) (in her, in that)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• जाया (jāyā) - wife (etymologically linked to "jāyate" - 'from whom one is born') (wife)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is)

• उत (uta) - moreover (and, moreover, also)

• भर्ता (bhartā) - husband (supporter, husband, lord)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - by the wife (by the wife, by the one to be supported)

• रक्ष्यः (rakṣyaḥ) - should be protected (to be protected, should be protected)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

• जायात् (jāyāt) - could be born (may be born, could be born)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• उदरे (udare) - in the womb (in the belly, in the womb)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मा (ātmā) - the husband's essence, his lineage, or the self which continues through progeny (self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual self, cosmic self, vital breath

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

जायते (jāyate) - is born (is born, originates, is produced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

4th class Atmanepada, present indicative

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Atmanepada form

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in her (the wife) (in her, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: referring to the wife

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

ablative of tad, often used as an indeclinable 'therefore'

Note: It's technically an ablative form but functions as an indeclinable conjunction here.

जाया (jāyā) - wife (etymologically linked to "jāyate" - 'from whom one is born') (wife)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāyā

jāyā - wife

From √jan (to be born) + yaK (secondary suffix), referring to 'from whom one is born'

Root: jan (class 4)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

1st class Parasmaipada, present indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - moreover (and, moreover, also)

(indeclinable)

भर्ता (bhartā) - husband (supporter, husband, lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, nourisher, husband, master, lord

agent noun

from √bhṛ (to bear, support) + tṛc

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: post-positive conjunction

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - by the wife (by the wife, by the one to be supported)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, woman to be maintained/supported

gerundive

from √bhṛ (to bear, support) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

रक्ष्यः (rakṣyaḥ) - should be protected (to be protected, should be protected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣya

rakṣya - to be protected, fit to be protected

gerundive

from √rakṣ (to protect) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `bhartā`.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: interrogative adverb

जायात् (jāyāt) - could be born (may be born, could be born)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of jan

4th class Parasmaipada, optative mood

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used here for potential/rhetorical question.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

उदरे (udare) - in the womb (in the belly, in the womb)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of udara

udara - belly, abdomen, womb, interior

Note: Sandhi with `mama` (mama + udare -> mamodare)