महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-13, verse-105

त इमे सिंहविक्रान्ता वीर्येणाभ्यधिकाः परैः ।
विहीनैः परिक्लिश्यन्तीं समुपेक्षन्त मां कथम् ॥१०५॥

105. ta ime siṁhavikrāntā vīryeṇābhyadhikāḥ paraiḥ ,
vihīnaiḥ parikliśyantīṁ samupekṣanta māṁ katham.

105. te ime siṃhavikrāntāḥ vīryeṇa abhyadhikāḥ paraiḥ
vihīnaiḥ parikliśyantīm samūpekṣanta mām katham

105. How can these very ones, who possess the valor of lions and are superior to others in prowess, abandon me when I am being tormented by those who are inferior?

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those

• इमे (ime) - these

• सिंहविक्रान्ताः (siṁhavikrāntāḥ) - possessing the valor of lions, lion-valiant

• वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by prowess, by valor, by strength

• अभ्यधिकाः (abhyadhikāḥ) - superior, greater, more numerous

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by rivals

• विहीनैः (vihīnaiḥ) - by those who are inferior (in strength, virtue) (by the devoid, by the inferior (ones))

• परिक्लिश्यन्तीम् (parikliśyantīm) - (me) who is being greatly tormented/afflicted

• समूपेक्षन्त (samūpekṣanta) - they neglect, they disregard, they abandon

• माम् (mām) - me

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

इमे (ime) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

सिंहविक्रान्ताः (siṁhavikrāntāḥ) - possessing the valor of lions, lion-valiant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siṃhavikrānta

siṁhavikrānta - having the valor or stride of a lion, lion-valiant

Compound of 'siṃha' (lion) and 'vikrānta' (valorous, powerful).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (siṃha+vikrānta)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• vikrānta – valiant, powerful, courageous, striding
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kram' (to stride) with upasarga 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by prowess, by valor, by strength

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - prowess, valor, strength, energy, virility

From root 'vīr' (to be powerful).

Root: vīr (class 10)

अभ्यधिकाः (abhyadhikāḥ) - superior, greater, more numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhyadhika

abhyadhika - superior, greater, excessive, abundant, more

Compound of 'abhi' (towards, over) and 'adhika' (more, excessive).

Compound type : tatpurusha (adhi+ka)

• abhi – towards, over, upon, in excess
  indeclinable
  An upasarga (prefix).
• adhika – more, additional, superior, excessive
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'adhi' + 'ka'.
  Prefix: adhi

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others, by rivals

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, rival, supreme

विहीनैः (vihīnaiḥ) - by those who are inferior (in strength, virtue) (by the devoid, by the inferior (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vihīna

vihīna - devoid of, deficient in, abandoned, inferior

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root hā (3rd class) 'to abandon, quit' with upasarga 'vi' (away, without).

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

परिक्लिश्यन्तीम् (parikliśyantīm) - (me) who is being greatly tormented/afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parikliśyantī

parikliśyant - being greatly tormented, suffering intensely

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'kliś' (4th class) 'to suffer, be afflicted', with upasarga 'pari' (around, completely) and suffix -ant, here feminine form -antī.

Prefix: pari

Root: kliś (class 4)

समूपेक्षन्त (samūpekṣanta) - they neglect, they disregard, they abandon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of samūpekṣ

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The form could also be an imperfect (laṅ), 3rd plural parasmaipada, 'they neglected'. However, the context of 'katham' (how?) points to a present state of affairs or a rhetorical question about ongoing action, making the present (laṭ) middle voice more fitting for 'neglect'/'disregard'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb, from 'kim' (what) with suffix 'tham' (manner).