मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-51, verse-18
शुभे द्रुततरं कार्यमिति प्राह प्रजापतिः ।
गण्डान्तेषु स्थितश्चान्यो मुहूर्तार्धं द्विजोत्तम ॥१८॥
गण्डान्तेषु स्थितश्चान्यो मुहूर्तार्धं द्विजोत्तम ॥१८॥
18. śubhe drutataraṃ kāryamiti prāha prajāpatiḥ .
gaṇḍānteṣu sthitaścānyo muhūrtārdhaṃ dvijottama.
gaṇḍānteṣu sthitaścānyo muhūrtārdhaṃ dvijottama.
18.
śubhe drutataram kāryam iti prāha prajāpatiḥ
gaṇḍānteṣu sthitaḥ ca anyaḥ muhūrtārdham dvijottama
gaṇḍānteṣu sthitaḥ ca anyaḥ muhūrtārdham dvijottama
18.
Prajāpati declared, "A task should be completed very swiftly during an auspicious time." Additionally, O best of the twice-born (dvijottama), another (inauspicious period) lasting half a muhūrta (approximately 24 minutes) occurs at the junctures of the Gaṇḍa (inauspicious astrological phases).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शुभे (śubhe) - in an auspicious time (in an auspicious (time/event))
- द्रुततरम् (drutataram) - very quickly, swiftly (very quickly, more swiftly, extremely fast)
- कार्यम् (kāryam) - task, action (work, duty, task, action, what is to be done)
- इति (iti) - thus (introducing a quote) (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)
- प्राह (prāha) - declared, said (he said, he declared, he spoke)
- प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Prajāpati (Lord of creation, Prajāpati (a specific deity))
- गण्डान्तेषु (gaṇḍānteṣu) - at the junctures of the Gaṇḍa (periods) (at the ends of the Gaṇḍas, at the junctures of inauspicious periods)
- स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - occurs, is situated (situated, standing, existing, remaining)
- च (ca) - additionally (and, also, moreover)
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (inauspicious period, implicitly) (another, other, different)
- मुहूर्तार्धम् (muhūrtārdham) - lasting for half a muhūrta (approx. 24 minutes) (half a muhūrta, for half a muhūrta)
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of the twice-born (dvijottama) (O best of the twice-born, O best Brahmin)
Words meanings and morphology
शुभे (śubhe) - in an auspicious time (in an auspicious (time/event))
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of śubha
śubha - auspicious, propitious, good, beautiful
Note: Refers to an implied auspicious time.
द्रुततरम् (drutataram) - very quickly, swiftly (very quickly, more swiftly, extremely fast)
(indeclinable)
Comparative adverb formed from 'druta' (quick)
कार्यम् (kāryam) - task, action (work, duty, task, action, what is to be done)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, duty, action, work, purpose
Gerundive
Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Can also be analyzed as a gerundive (a participle indicating necessity or fitness).
इति (iti) - thus (introducing a quote) (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)
(indeclinable)
प्राह (prāha) - declared, said (he said, he declared, he spoke)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of prāha
Perfect Active
Perfect tense of root ah (to say) with upasarga pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: ah (class 2)
Note: Often considered an augmented form of vac.
प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Prajāpati (Lord of creation, Prajāpati (a specific deity))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prajāpati
prajāpati - lord of creatures, progenitor, a specific deity associated with creation
Compound type : tatpurusha (prajā+pati)
- prajā – offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband, owner
noun (masculine)
गण्डान्तेषु (gaṇḍānteṣu) - at the junctures of the Gaṇḍa (periods) (at the ends of the Gaṇḍas, at the junctures of inauspicious periods)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of gaṇḍānta
gaṇḍānta - end of a Gaṇḍa (an inauspicious period in astrology), juncture of Gaṇḍa
Compound type : tatpurusha (gaṇḍa+anta)
- gaṇḍa – knot, joint, part of the body (cheek, neck), an inauspicious astrological period
noun (masculine) - anta – end, boundary, limit, vicinity
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to specific astrological periods considered inauspicious.
स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - occurs, is situated (situated, standing, existing, remaining)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita
sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -ta
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Often used as an adjective or predicate.
च (ca) - additionally (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (inauspicious period, implicitly) (another, other, different)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to an 'anya gaṇḍa' or 'anya muhūrta'.
मुहूर्तार्धम् (muhūrtārdham) - lasting for half a muhūrta (approx. 24 minutes) (half a muhūrta, for half a muhūrta)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrtārdha
muhūrtārdha - half a muhūrta (a unit of time, approx. 48 minutes)
Compound type : tatpurusha (muhūrta+ardha)
- muhūrta – a moment, a unit of time (approx. 48 minutes), an instant
noun (masculine) - ardha – half, part, side
noun (neuter)
Note: Accusative used adverbially to indicate duration.
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of the twice-born (dvijottama) (O best of the twice-born, O best Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best among the twice-born (Brāhmaṇas), an excellent Brāhmaṇa
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, or more specifically, Brahmins, birds, teeth, snakes)
noun (masculine) - uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
adjective (masculine)
Note: Addressed to a Brahmin.