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0,51

मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्       mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-51, verse-121

द्वितीयस्तु गुणान् मैत्रीं लोकस्थामपकर्षति ।
इत्येते दौः सहाः सर्वे यक्ष्मणः सन्ततावथ ।
पापाचाराः समाख्याता यैर्व्याप्तमखिलं जगत् ॥१२१॥
121. dvitīyastu guṇān maitrīṃ lokasthāmapakarṣati .
ityete dauḥ sahāḥ sarve yakṣmaṇaḥ santatāvatha .
pāpācārāḥ samākhyātā yairvyāptamakhilaṃ jagat.
121. dvitīyaḥ tu guṇān maitrīm lokasthām
apakarṣati iti ete dauḥsahāḥ sarve
yakṣmaṇaḥ santatau atha pāpācārāḥ
samākhyātāḥ yaiḥ vyāptam akhilam jagat
121. But the second (type of person, unlike the first wrongdoer who merely reveals his own nature) detracts from good qualities and friendship existing in the world. Thus, all these (negative traits mentioned earlier) are intolerable. They are declared as the continuous lineage of misfortune (yakṣman) and as evil conduct (pāpācāra), by which the entire world is pervaded.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - the second (type of person) (second)
  • तु (tu) - but, on the other hand (but, on the other hand, indeed)
  • गुणान् (guṇān) - good qualities (qualities, virtues, attributes)
  • मैत्रीम् (maitrīm) - friendship (friendship, friendliness, goodwill)
  • लोकस्थाम् (lokasthām) - existing in the world (abiding in the world, existing among people)
  • अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - detracts from, diminishes (draws away, detracts, diminishes, destroys, impairs)
  • इति (iti) - thus (introducing a conclusion) (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or conclusion))
  • एते (ete) - all these (referring to traits/actions) (these, these two)
  • दौःसहाः (dauḥsahāḥ) - intolerable (difficult to bear, intolerable, insufferable)
  • सर्वे (sarve) - all (these) (all, every, whole)
  • यक्ष्मणः (yakṣmaṇaḥ) - of misfortune (of disease, of consumption, of misfortune)
  • सन्ततौ (santatau) - in the continuous lineage/manifestation (in continuity, in succession, in a lineage, in a series)
  • अथ (atha) - and (now, then, moreover, consequently)
  • पापाचाराः (pāpācārāḥ) - evil conduct (evil actions, wicked conduct, wicked people)
  • समाख्याताः (samākhyātāḥ) - declared, described (described, declared, fully told, named)
  • यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (evil actions) (by whom, by which)
  • व्याप्तम् (vyāptam) - pervaded (pervaded, spread, covered, filled)
  • अखिलम् (akhilam) - entire (entire, whole, complete, undivided)
  • जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, people, moving)

Words meanings and morphology

द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - the second (type of person) (second)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvitīya
dvitīya - second
from dvi (two)
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand (but, on the other hand, indeed)
(indeclinable)
गुणान् (guṇān) - good qualities (qualities, virtues, attributes)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, merit
Note: Object of apakarṣati.
मैत्रीम् (maitrīm) - friendship (friendship, friendliness, goodwill)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of maitrī
maitrī - friendship, friendliness, goodwill
from mitra (friend)
Note: Object of apakarṣati.
लोकस्थाम् (lokasthām) - existing in the world (abiding in the world, existing among people)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of lokasthā
lokasthā - abiding in the world, existing among people
loka (world) + sthā (standing, being)
Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+sthā)
  • loka – world, realm, people, society
    noun (masculine)
  • sthā – standing, being, situated
    adjective (feminine)
    Present Active Participle
    from root sthā (to stand)
    Root: sthā (class 1)
अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - detracts from, diminishes (draws away, detracts, diminishes, destroys, impairs)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of apakarṣ
Present Active Indicative
3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, from apa (away) + root kṛṣ (to pull, draw).
Prefix: apa
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
इति (iti) - thus (introducing a conclusion) (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or conclusion))
(indeclinable)
एते (ete) - all these (referring to traits/actions) (these, these two)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etas
etas - this, these
Demonstrative pronoun
दौःसहाः (dauḥsahāḥ) - intolerable (difficult to bear, intolerable, insufferable)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dauḥsaha
dauḥsaha - difficult to bear, intolerable, insufferable
dus (badly, difficult) + saha (bearing)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+saha)
  • dus – bad, ill, difficult (prefix)
    indeclinable
    prefix
  • saha – bearing, enduring, capable of
    adjective (masculine)
    from root sah (to bear, endure)
    Root: sah (class 1)
Note: Agreeing with ete and sarve.
सर्वे (sarve) - all (these) (all, every, whole)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Universal pronoun
Note: Agreeing with ete and dauḥsahāḥ.
यक्ष्मणः (yakṣmaṇaḥ) - of misfortune (of disease, of consumption, of misfortune)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yakṣman
yakṣman - disease, consumption, misfortune, evil spirit
n stem noun
सन्ततौ (santatau) - in the continuous lineage/manifestation (in continuity, in succession, in a lineage, in a series)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of santati
santati - continuity, succession, progeny, lineage
from sam (with) + root tan (to extend) + ti suffix
Prefix: sam
Root: tan (class 8)
अथ (atha) - and (now, then, moreover, consequently)
(indeclinable)
पापाचाराः (pāpācārāḥ) - evil conduct (evil actions, wicked conduct, wicked people)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pāpācāra
pāpācāra - evil actions, wicked conduct, wicked person
pāpa (evil) + ācāra (conduct)
Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+ācāra)
  • pāpa – evil, sin, wicked
    noun (neuter)
  • ācāra – conduct, custom, practice
    noun (masculine)
    from ā (towards) + root car (to move, behave)
    Prefix: ā
    Root: car (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative with samākhyātāḥ.
समाख्याताः (samākhyātāḥ) - declared, described (described, declared, fully told, named)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of samākhyāta
samākhyāta - described, declared, fully told, named
Past Passive Participle
from sam (fully) + ā (towards) + root khyā (to tell) + kta (PPP suffix)
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: khyā (class 2)
Note: Agreeing with ete and pāpācārāḥ.
यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (evil actions) (by whom, by which)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad
yad - which, what (relative pronoun)
Relative pronoun
व्याप्तम् (vyāptam) - pervaded (pervaded, spread, covered, filled)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāpta
vyāpta - pervaded, spread, covered, filled
Past Passive Participle
from vi (through) + āp (to obtain, reach) + kta (PPP suffix)
Prefix: vi
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Agreeing with jagat.
अखिलम् (akhilam) - entire (entire, whole, complete, undivided)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of akhila
akhila - entire, whole, complete, undivided
a (not) + khila (gap, remnant)
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+khila)
  • a – not, un- (negative prefix)
    indeclinable
    negative prefix
  • khila – gap, vacant ground, remnant, deficiency
    noun (neuter)
Note: Agreeing with jagat.
जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, people, moving)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat
jagat - world, universe, people, moving (noun derived from participle)
Present Active Participle
from root gam (to go) + śatṛ (PAP suffix)
Root: gam (class 1)