मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-51, verse-101
सन्ध्यामैथुनिनञ्चैव नरमाविशति द्विज ।
कन्यात्रयं प्रसूता सा या कन्या ऋतुहारिणी ॥१०१॥
कन्यात्रयं प्रसूता सा या कन्या ऋतुहारिणी ॥१०१॥
101. sandhyāmaithuninañcaiva naramāviśati dvija .
kanyātrayaṃ prasūtā sā yā kanyā ṛtuhāriṇī.
kanyātrayaṃ prasūtā sā yā kanyā ṛtuhāriṇī.
101.
sandhyāmaithuninam ca eva naram āviśati dvija
kanyātrayam prasūtā sā yā kanyā ṛtuhāriṇī
kanyātrayam prasūtā sā yā kanyā ṛtuhāriṇī
101.
And indeed, O twice-born (dvija), (he) enters a man who engages in sexual intercourse at twilight. That young woman (kanyā) who has a deficient menstrual cycle (ṛtuhāriṇī) gives birth to three daughters.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सन्ध्यामैथुनिनम् (sandhyāmaithuninam) - one who has sexual intercourse at twilight
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - indeed, only
- नरम् (naram) - man
- आविशति (āviśati) - the malicious entity enters (he enters, he pervades, he possesses)
- द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born, O Brahmin
- कन्यात्रयम् (kanyātrayam) - three daughters, a group of three girls
- प्रसूता (prasūtā) - having given birth, born
- सा (sā) - she, that one
- या (yā) - who, which
- कन्या (kanyā) - girl, young woman, daughter
- ऋतुहारिणी (ṛtuhāriṇī) - one who has a deficient menstrual cycle (one who loses her menses, one who has menstrual issues)
Words meanings and morphology
सन्ध्यामैथुनिनम् (sandhyāmaithuninam) - one who has sexual intercourse at twilight
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sandhyāmaithunin
sandhyāmaithunin - one who engages in sexual intercourse at twilight
Compound noun ending with agent suffix '-in'. 'sandhyā' (twilight) + 'maithuna' (sexual intercourse).
Compound type : tatpurusha (sandhyā+maithuna)
- sandhyā – twilight, evening prayer
noun (feminine)
From sam-√dhā (to put together, join).
Prefix: sam
Root: dhā (class 3) - maithuna – sexual intercourse, copulation, coupling
noun (neuter)
Derived from 'mithuna' (pair).
Note: Refers to the type of man.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only
(indeclinable)
particle of emphasis
Note: Adds emphasis.
नरम् (naram) - man
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person, human being
Root: nṛ
Note: Object of 'āviśati'. 'sandhyāmaithuninam' modifies 'naram'.
आविशति (āviśati) - the malicious entity enters (he enters, he pervades, he possesses)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āviś
From √viś (to enter) with prefix ā.
Prefix: ā
Root: viś (class 6)
द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born, O Brahmin
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (brahmin, kṣatriya, vaiśya), bird, tooth, serpent
Compound of 'dvi' (two) and 'ja' (born).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced
adjective
From √jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
कन्यात्रयम् (kanyātrayam) - three daughters, a group of three girls
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kanyātraya
kanyātraya - group of three girls/daughters
Tatpurusha compound of 'kanyā' (girl/daughter) and 'traya' (group of three).
Compound type : tatpurusha (kanyā+traya)
- kanyā – girl, maiden, daughter
noun (feminine) - traya – group of three, triad
noun (neuter)
Suffix 'aya' from 'tri'.
Note: Used adverbially or as object of 'prasūtā'.
प्रसूता (prasūtā) - having given birth, born
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of prasūta
prasūta - born, produced, having given birth, brought forth
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √sū (to produce, give birth) with prefix pra.
Prefix: pra
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Functions as the main verb/predicate here, agreeing with 'sā' (she).
सा (sā) - she, that one
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Subject of 'prasūtā'. Co-referential with 'yā kanyā ṛtuhāriṇī'.
या (yā) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Relative pronoun.
Note: Begins the relative clause.
कन्या (kanyā) - girl, young woman, daughter
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā
kanyā - girl, maiden, daughter, young woman
Root: kan
Note: Appositive to 'yā'.
ऋतुहारिणी (ṛtuhāriṇī) - one who has a deficient menstrual cycle (one who loses her menses, one who has menstrual issues)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of ṛtuhāriṇī
ṛtuhāriṇī - one who loses her season (for marriage/fertility), one who causes abortion, one with menstrual issues
Compound of 'ṛtu' (menses/season) and 'hāriṇī' (feminine agent of √hṛ to take away/lose).
Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛtu+hāriṇī)
- ṛtu – season, menses, proper time
noun (masculine) - hāriṇī – female who takes away, removes, loses
noun (feminine)
feminine agent noun
From √hṛ (to take, to carry, to remove) with suffix '-in' (agent) and feminine suffix '-ī'.
Root: hṛ (class 1)