महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-97

अथ शारद्वतो राजन्नार्तिं गच्छन्पुनः पुनः ।
शशंस द्रोणपुत्राय यथा द्रोणो निपातितः ॥९७॥

97. atha śāradvato rājannārtiṁ gacchanpunaḥ punaḥ ,
śaśaṁsa droṇaputrāya yathā droṇo nipātitaḥ.

97. atha śāradvataḥ rājan ārtim gacchan punaḥ punaḥ
śaśaṃsa droṇa-putrāya yathā droṇaḥ nipātitaḥ

97. atha rājan śāradvataḥ punaḥ punaḥ ārtim gacchan
droṇa-putrāya yathā droṇaḥ nipātitaḥ śaśaṃsa

97. Then Kṛpa (Śāradvata), O king, repeatedly experiencing great distress, narrated to Drona's son (Aśvatthāmā) how Drona had been struck down.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• शारद्वतः (śāradvataḥ) - Kṛpa, the son of Śarad (Śāradvata)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress, pain, suffering

• गच्छन् (gacchan) - going, experiencing, obtaining

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• शशंस (śaśaṁsa) - narrated, told

• द्रोण-पुत्राय (droṇa-putrāya) - to Drona's son Aśvatthāmā (to Drona's son)

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (proper name)

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, slain, killed

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

शारद्वतः (śāradvataḥ) - Kṛpa, the son of Śarad (Śāradvata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāradvata

śāradvata - son of Śarad (an epithet for Kṛpācārya)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress, pain, suffering

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārti

ārti - pain, distress, suffering, affliction

Root: ṛ

गच्छन् (gacchan) - going, experiencing, obtaining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, approaching, obtaining, experiencing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Root: gam (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

शशंस (śaśaṁsa) - narrated, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of śaṃs

Perfect Active

Root śaṃs, perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular active

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

द्रोण-पुत्राय (droṇa-putrāya) - to Drona's son Aśvatthāmā (to Drona's son)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of droṇa-putra

droṇa-putra - son of Drona

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Recipient of the narration.

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a proper name, particularly of the guru of the Pandavas and Kauravas)

Root: dru (class 1)

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - thrown down, felled, killed, made to fall

Causative Past Passive Participle

Derived from ni (down) + pat (to fall) + ṇic (causative) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Predicate to 'droṇaḥ'.